Shloka 44

Adhyāya 14: Śalya’s Missile-Pressure and the Pāṇḍava Convergence (शल्यस्य शरवर्षम्)

Devanagari script

तस्मिन्‌ विनिहते वीरे द्रोणपुत्र: प्रतापवान्‌ । आरुरोह रथं तूर्ण तमेव रथिनां वर:,उस वीरके मारे जानेपर रथियोंमें श्रेष्ठ प्रतापी द्रोणपुत्र अश्वत्थामा तुरंत ही उसी रथपर आरूढ़ हो गया

Transliteration

tasmin vinihate vīre droṇaputraḥ pratāpavān | ārurōha rathaṁ tūrṇaṁ tameva rathināṁ varaḥ ||

Translation

Sanjaya said: When that heroic warrior had been slain, the valiant son of Drona—foremost among chariot-fighters—swiftly mounted that very chariot. The moment underscores how, in the churn of war, the fall of a single champion immediately triggers a transfer of command and momentum, as warriors rush to seize strategic advantage despite the moral weight of death on the battlefield.

Word by Word

• तस्मिन्: in that (situation/person)
• तस्मिन्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

• विनिहते: when slain / in (him) slain
• विनिहते: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-नि-हन् (हत)
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)

• वीरे: in the hero
• वीरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• द्रोणपुत्रः: Drona's son (Ashvatthaman)
• द्रोणपुत्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रोणपुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रतापवान्: mighty/valorous
• प्रतापवान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रतापवत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• आरुरोह: mounted / ascended
• आरुरोह: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-रुह्
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• रथम्: chariot
• रथम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• तूर्णम्: swiftly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तूर्ण

• तम्: that (one)
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• एव: indeed / just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• रथिनाम्: of chariot-warriors
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथिन्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• वरः: the best
• वरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Droṇaputra (Aśvatthāmā)
• ratha (chariot)
• vīra (the slain hero, unnamed in this verse)