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Shloka 13

Śalya–Bhīma Gadā-saṃnipāta and Śalya’s Bāṇa-jāla against Yudhiṣṭhira

Book 9, Chapter 11

तत:ः शरशतैस्ती&णैर्मद्रराजो महारथ: । अर्दयामास तां सेनां धर्मराजस्य पश्यत:,तब महारथी मद्रराज धर्मराज युधिष्ठिरके देखते-देखते उनकी सेनाको अपने सैकड़ों तीखे बाणोंसे संतप्त करने लगे

tataḥ śaraśatais tīkṣṇair madrarājo mahārathaḥ | ardayāmāsa tāṃ senāṃ dharmarājasya paśyataḥ ||

Sañjaya said: Then the king of Madra, a great chariot-warrior, with hundreds of sharp arrows began to harass and scorch that army—while Dharmarāja Yudhiṣṭhira looked on.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
Formindeclinable (ablatival adverb)
शरशतैःwith hundreds of arrows
शरशतैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशरशत
Formneuter, instrumental, plural
तीक्ष्णैःsharp
तीक्ष्णैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootतीक्ष्ण
Formneuter, instrumental, plural (agreeing with शरशतैः)
मद्रराजःthe king of Madra
मद्रराजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमद्रराज
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
महारथःthe great chariot-warrior
महारथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
Formmasculine, nominative, singular (apposition to मद्रराजः)
अर्दयामासtormented, harassed
अर्दयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्द्
Formperfect (लिट्), 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada
ताम्that (her/that)
ताम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
सेनाम्army
सेनाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसेना
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
धर्मराजस्यof Dharmaraja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
धर्मराजस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मराज
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
पश्यतःwhile (he) was watching
पश्यतः:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootपश्यत्
Formpresent active participle, masculine/neuter, genitive, singular (agreeing with धर्मराजस्य)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
M
Madrarāja (King of Madra, Śalya)
D
Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
S
senā (the army)
Ś
śara (arrows)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical strain of war: even a righteous ruler (Dharmarāja) must witness his forces being overwhelmed by an opponent’s martial excellence. It points to the responsibility of leadership in adversity and the reality that dharma is tested amid relentless violence.

Sañjaya reports that the Madra king Śalya, an elite chariot-warrior, showers Yudhiṣṭhira’s army with hundreds of sharp arrows, severely harassing it, and does so openly while Yudhiṣṭhira watches.