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Shloka 7

Adhyāya 45 — Duryodhana’s Distress, Śakuni’s Counsel, and the Summons for Dyūta

प्राग्ज्योतिषपुरं यातानस्मान्‌ ज्ञात्वा नृशंसकृत्‌ अदहद्‌ द्वारकामेष स्वस्रीय: सन्‌ नराधिपा:,“नरेश्वरो! हम प्राग्ज्योतिषपुरमें गये थे, यह बात जब इसे मालूम हुई, तब इस क्रूरकर्माने मेरे पिताजीका भानजा होकर भी द्वारकामें आग लगवा दी

prāgjyotiṣapuraṃ yātān asmān jñātvā nṛśaṃsakṛt adahad dvārakām eṣa svasrīyaḥ san narādhipaḥ

Vaiśampāyana said: When that ruthless king learned that we had gone to Prāgjyotiṣapura, he—though related to my father as a sister’s son—caused Dvārakā to be set on fire.

प्राग्ज्योतिषपुरम्to Pragjyotisha-city (Pragjyotishapura)
प्राग्ज्योतिषपुरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्राग्ज्योतिषपुर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यातान्gone
यातान्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootया
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Plural
अस्मान्us
अस्मान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormCommon, Accusative, Plural
ज्ञात्वाhaving known
ज्ञात्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
नृशंसकृत्the cruel-doer
नृशंसकृत्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृशंसकृत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अदहत्burned / set fire to
अदहत्:
TypeVerb
Rootदह्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
द्वारकाम्Dvaraka
द्वारकाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्वारका
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
एषthis (man)
एष:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वस्रीयःsister's son (nephew)
स्वस्रीयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्वस्रीय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सन्being
सन्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
नराधिपःthe king / ruler of men
नराधिपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनराधिप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
P
Prāgjyotiṣapura
D
Dvārakā
N
narādhipa (a king, unnamed here)
S
speaker's father (implied)
S
sister’s son (kinship relation)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights an ethical inversion: even close kinship (a nephew relationship) does not restrain wrongdoing when a person is driven by cruelty and hostility. It implicitly affirms that dharma is measured by conduct, not merely by blood relations.

The narrator reports that after learning of their journey to Prāgjyotiṣapura, a ruthless king retaliated by having Dvārakā set on fire, despite being related to the narrator’s father as a sister’s son.