Shloka 48

यमाश्रित्याकरोद्‌ बैरं पुत्रस्ते स गतो दिवम्‌ | आदाय तव पुत्राणां जयाशां शर्म वर्म च

yamāśrityākarod bairaṃ putras te sa gato divam | ādāya tava putrāṇāṃ jayāśāṃ śarma varma ca

Śalya said: “Relying on Yama (the Lord of Death), your son entered into enmity and has now gone to heaven. And he has taken with him your sons’ hope of victory—along with their protection and armour.”

यम्whom
यम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आश्रित्यhaving relied on
आश्रित्य:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootआ-श्रि
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), having resorted to / relying on
अकरोत्made / did
अकरोत्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वैरम्enmity
वैरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवैर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेyour
ते:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form2nd, Genitive, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गतःgone
गतः:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formक्त (past passive participle, used actively), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
दिवम्to heaven
दिवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्/द्यौ (दिव)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आदायhaving taken
आदाय:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootआ-दा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), having taken away / having seized
तवof you / your
तव:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form2nd, Genitive, Singular
पुत्राणाम्of (your) sons
पुत्राणाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
जयाशाम्hope of victory
जयाशाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजय-आशा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
शर्मŚarma (proper name)
शर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वर्मVarma (proper name)
वर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

शल्य उवाच

Ś
Śalya
Y
Yama
Y
your son (addressed person’s son)
Y
your sons (addressed person’s sons)

Educational Q&A

In war, hostility driven by reliance on death or fate leads to irreversible loss; when a key warrior falls, not only life is lost but also the morale, security, and strategic ‘armour’ of the whole side. The verse underscores the ethical weight of enmity and the cascading consequences of violent choices.

Śalya addresses an opponent leader (contextually, the Kaurava side) and remarks that the addressed person’s son has died and gone to heaven. He adds that with that death the hope of victory, along with the sense of safety and protection of the remaining sons, has been carried away—indicating a collapse of confidence and defensive strength.