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Shloka 18

स नागराज: सनियन्तृको5पतत्‌ तथा हतो बश्रुसुतेषुभिर्भुशम्‌ । स चापि देवावृधसूनुरर्दित: पपात नुन्न: सहदेवसूनुना,अन्तमें बश्रुपुत्रके बाणोंसे अत्यन्त आहत होकर वह गजराज भी संचालकसहित धरतीपर लोट गया। फिर वह देवावृधकुमार भी सहदेवके पुत्रसे पीड़ित हो धराशायी हो गया

sa nāgarājaḥ sa-niyantr̥ko 'patat tathā hato bāhru-suteṣubhir bhuśam | sa cāpi devāvr̥dha-sūnur arditaḥ papāta nunnaḥ sahadeva-sūnunā ||

Sañjaya said: Struck down with great force by the arrows of Bāhru’s sons, the lordly elephant collapsed to the ground together with its driver. And the son of Devāvṛdha too—harassed and driven back by Sahadeva’s son—fell down, brought low in the press of battle. The scene underscores the relentless reciprocity of war: prowess meets counter-prowess, and even the mighty are felled when dharma has yielded to the logic of the battlefield.

सःhe/that (one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नागराजःking of elephants
नागराजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनागराज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स-नियन्तृकःtogether with (his) driver
स-नियन्तृकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनियन्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपतत्fell down
अपतत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormImperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तथाthus/so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
हतःslain/struck down
हतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootहन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बाण-ऋषुतेषुभिःwith arrow-like spears/darts
बाण-ऋषुतेषुभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootऋषुतेषु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
भूशम्exceedingly, greatly
भूशम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभूशम्
सःhe/that (one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
देवावृध-सूनुःson of Devāvṛdha
देवावृध-सूनुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसूनु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अर्दितःafflicted, tormented
अर्दितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्द्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पपातfell
पपात:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
नुन्नःdriven/struck, impelled
नुन्नः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनुद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सहदेव-सूनुनाby the son of Sahadeva
सहदेव-सूनुना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसूनु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
N
Nāgarāja (great elephant)
N
Niyantr̥ (mahout/driver)
B
Bāhru’s sons
D
Devāvṛdha’s son
S
Sahadeva’s son

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the fragility of power in war: even formidable forces (a war-elephant and a notable warrior) can be brought down swiftly. Ethically, it reflects how the battlefield operates by reciprocal force rather than deliberative dharma—valor and skill decide outcomes, and attachment to might proves unreliable.

Sañjaya reports that a great elephant, along with its driver, is felled by the arrows of Bāhru’s sons. In the same sequence, the son of Devāvṛdha, pressed and wounded by Sahadeva’s son, also falls to the ground.