Shloka 40

तस्मिन्‌ हते भ्रातरि चित्रसेने क्रुद्ध: कर्ण: पौरुष॑ दर्शयान: । व्यद्रावयत्‌ पाण्डवानामनीकं प्रत्युध्यातो नकुलेनामितौजा:,अपने भाई चित्रसेनके मारे जानेपर कर्ण क्रोधमें भर गया और अपना पराक्रम दिखाता हुआ पाण्डव-सेनाको खदेड़ने लगा। उस समय अमितबलशाली नकुलने आगे आकर उसका सामना किया

tasmin hate bhrātari citrasene kruddhaḥ karṇaḥ pauruṣaṃ darśayānaḥ | vyadrāvayat pāṇḍavānām anīkaṃ pratyudyāto nakulenāmitaujāḥ ||

When his brother Citraseṇa was slain, Karṇa, inflamed with wrath and displaying his manly prowess, drove back the Pāṇḍava battle-array. At that moment the mighty Nakula advanced to meet and oppose him.

तस्मिन्in that (situation/time)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
हतेwhen (he) was slain
हते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootहन् (हत)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
भ्रातरिin/with regard to (his) brother
भ्रातरि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
चित्रसेनेChitrasena
चित्रसेने:
Adhikarana
TypeProperNoun
Rootचित्रसेन
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
क्रुद्धःangered
क्रुद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुध् (क्रुद्ध)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta
TypeProperNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पौरुषम्manliness/valor
पौरुषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपौरुष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दर्शयन्showing
दर्शयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent participle (Parasmaipada), Present, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यद्रावयत्drove away/put to flight
व्यद्रावयत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootद्रु (द्रावयति) with वि-
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पाण्डवानाम्of the Pandavas
पाण्डवानाम्:
Shashthi-Sambandha
TypeProperNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अनीकम्army/battle-array
अनीकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनीक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रत्युध्यातःhaving advanced/come forward to oppose
प्रत्युध्यातः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्-या (उद्यत) with प्रति-
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नकुलेनby Nakula
नकुलेन:
Karana
TypeProperNoun
Rootनकुल
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अमितौजाःone of immeasurable strength
अमितौजाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअमित-ओजस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Karṇa
C
Citraseṇa
N
Nakula
P
Pāṇḍavas

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how grief and anger over a loved one’s death can intensify martial aggression; it also reflects kṣatriya-dharma in which valor is asserted through immediate retaliation and counter-challenge on the battlefield.

After Citraseṇa is slain, Karṇa surges forward in fury and drives back the Pandava formation; Nakula, described as of immeasurable strength, steps out to confront and resist Karṇa.