Shloka 7

Devanagari script

ततः सरथनागाश्चा: कुरव: कुरुसत्तमम्‌ । निर्भया भरतश्रेष्ठमभ्यवर्तन्त फाल्गुनम्‌,तदनन्तर रथ, हाथी और घोड़ोंसहित बहुत-से कौरव वीर निर्भय हो भरतभूषण कुरुश्रेष्ठ अर्जुनका सामना करनेके लिये चढ़ आये

Transliteration

tataḥ sa-ratha-nāgāś ca kuravaḥ kuru-sattamam | nirbhayā bharata-śreṣṭham abhyavartanta phālgunam ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: Then many warriors of the Kurus—backed by chariots, elephants, and horses—advanced without fear to confront Phālguna (Arjuna), foremost of the Kurus and best of the Bharatas.

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात्)
• Form: अव्ययम्

• स-रथ-नागाः: elephants with chariots (i.e., accompanied by chariots)
• स-रथ-नागाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाग (प्रातिपदिकम्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: अव्ययम्

• कुरवः: the Kurus
• कुरवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरु (प्रातिपदिकम्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्

• कुरु-सत्तमम्: the best of the Kurus
• कुरु-सत्तमम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्तम (प्रातिपदिकम्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्

• निर्भयाः: fearless
• निर्भयाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निर्भय (प्रातिपदिकम्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्

• भरत-श्रेष्ठम्: the best among the Bharatas
• भरत-श्रेष्ठम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रेष्ठ (प्रातिपदिकम्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्

• अभ्यवर्तन्त: they advanced against / attacked
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृत् (धातुः) + अभि (उपसर्गः)
• Form: लङ् (अनद्यतनभूत), प्रथमपुरुषः, बहुवचनम्, परस्मैपदम्

• फाल्गुनम्: Phalguna (Arjuna)
• फाल्गुनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: फाल्गुन (प्रातिपदिकम्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Kuravaḥ (Kuru/Kaurava warriors)
• Arjuna
• Phālguna
• Bharata (dynastic epithet)
• chariots
• elephants
• horses

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how fearlessness in war is morally ambiguous: courage can serve dharma when aligned with righteous purpose, yet the same fearless momentum can also intensify violence when directed by factional loyalty rather than ethical discernment.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that numerous Kuru (Kaurava) fighters, supported by chariots, elephants, and horses, surge forward to engage Arjuna (Phālguna), described with honorific epithets as the foremost among the Kurus and Bharatas.