Shloka 51

कर्णनिधनवृत्तान्तनिवेदनम् | Reporting Karṇa’s Fall to Yudhiṣṭhira

Devanagari script

बहुवृक्षलतागुल्ममेतद्‌ वनमुपाश्रिता: । इति तान्‌ ख्यापयामास तेभ्यस्तत्त्वंस कौशिक:

Transliteration

bahuvṛkṣalatāgulmam etad vanam upāśritāḥ | iti tān khyāpayāmāsa tebhyaḥ tattvaṃ sa kauśikaḥ ||

Translation

“This forest, thick with many trees, creepers, and shrubs, has been taken as a refuge.” Thus did Kauśika make this known to them, clearly explaining the true situation. In the narrative frame, the line underscores how a guide or knower of dharma must speak plainly about circumstances—especially when others have sought shelter—so that right action can be chosen with full awareness rather than confusion or concealment.

Word by Word

• बहु: many/much
• बहु: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• वृक्ष: trees
• वृक्ष: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृक्ष
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• लता: creepers/vines
• लता: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: लता
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Plural

• गुल्मम्: thicket/bush-clump
• गुल्मम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुल्म
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• वनम्: forest
• वनम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• उपाश्रिताः: having resorted to / dwelling in
• उपाश्रिताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उप-आ-श्रि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• इति: "thus" (quotative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• तान्: them
• तान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• ख्यापयामास: made known / informed
• Type: Verb
• Root: ख्यापय् (causative of √ख्या)
• Form: Perfect (periphrastic), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• तेभ्यः: to them
• तेभ्यः: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Plural

• तत्त्वम्: the truth / the real state
• तत्त्वम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तत्त्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कौशिकः: Kaushika (Vishvamitra/descendant of Kuśika)
• कौशिकः: Karta
• Type: Noun (proper/epithet)
• Root: कौशिक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

• वायुदेव (Vāyudeva)
• कौशिक (Kauśika)
• वन (forest)