Shloka 28

स विद्ध्वा मर्मसु द्रौर्णि पाण्डव: परवीरहा । सारथिं चास्य भल्लेन रथनीडादपातयत्‌,शत्रुवीरोंका संहार करनेवाले पाण्डुपुत्र अर्जुनने अश्वत्थामाके मर्मस्थानोंमें चोट पहुँचाकर एक भल्लसे उसके सारथिको रथकी बैठकसे नीचे गिरा दिया

sa viddhvā marmasu drauṇi pāṇḍavaḥ paravīrahā | sārathiṁ cāsya bhallena rathanīḍād apātayat ||

Sañjaya said: Arjuna, the Pāṇḍava—slayer of enemy champions—struck Aśvatthāmā, Droṇa’s son, in his vital points. Then, with a sharp arrow, he felled Aśvatthāmā’s charioteer from the chariot-seat.

सःhe (Arjuna)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विद्ध्वाhaving pierced/struck
विद्ध्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यध्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
मर्मसुin the vital spots
मर्मसु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमर्मन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
द्रौणिम्Drauni (Aśvatthāman)
द्रौणिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रौणि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पाण्डवःthe Pāṇḍava (Arjuna)
पाण्डवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परवीरहाslayer of enemy-heroes
परवीरहा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपर-वीर-हन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सारथिम्the charioteer
सारथिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसारथि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्यof him (of Aśvatthāman)
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
भल्लेनwith a bhalla-arrow
भल्लेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभल्ल
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
रथनीडात्from the chariot-seat (lit. chariot-nest)
रथनीडात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ-नीड
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
अपातयत्made (him) fall / knocked down
अपातयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपत् (णिच्)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
A
Aśvatthāmā (Drauṇi)
C
charioteer (sārathi)
B
bhalla-arrow
C
chariot-seat (rathanīḍa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the grim reality of kṣatriya warfare: mastery involves precise, decisive action against an opponent’s vulnerabilities. Ethically, it points to the tension between duty in battle and the heavy consequences of violence, a recurring Mahābhārata theme.

Arjuna attacks Aśvatthāmā effectively, striking his vital points, and then shoots down Aśvatthāmā’s charioteer with a bhalla-arrow, causing him to fall from the chariot-seat—an act that can destabilize an enemy’s combat capacity.