Shloka 1

/ अपने-आप बछ। सं: त्रेषष्टितमो<्ध्याय: कर्णद्वारा नकुल-सहदेवसहित युधिष्ठिरकी पराजय एवं पीड़ित होकर युधिष्ठिरका अपनी छावनीमें जाकर विश्राम करना संजय उवाच कर्णोडपि शरजालेन केकयानां महारथान्‌ । व्यधमत्‌ परमेष्वासानग्रत: पर्यवस्थितान्‌,संजय कहते हैं--राजन्‌! कर्ण भी अपने बाणसमूहसे सामने खड़े हुए महाधनुर्धर केकय-महारथियोंका विनाश करने लगा

sañjaya uvāca | karṇo 'pi śarajālena kekayānāṃ mahārathān | vyadhamat parameṣvāsān agrataḥ paryavasthitān ||

Sañjaya said: O King, Karṇa too, with a net-like shower of arrows, began to strike down the Kekaya great chariot-warriors—supreme archers—who stood arrayed before him. The scene underscores the relentless momentum of battle, where prowess and duty to one’s side drive warriors into destructive action despite the human cost.

संजयSanjaya
संजय:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
शरजालेनwith a net/mass of arrows
शरजालेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशरजाल
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
केकयानाम्of the Kekayas
केकयानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकेकय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
महारथान्great chariot-warriors
महारथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
व्यधमत्he smote/overpowered
व्यधमत्:
TypeVerb
Rootध्मा
FormImperfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
परमेष्वासान्supreme archers
परमेष्वासान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपरमेष्वास
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अग्रतःin front
अग्रतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअग्रतः
पर्यवस्थितान्standing arrayed/positioned
पर्यवस्थितान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि + अव + स्था
Formक्त (past passive participle, used adjectivally), Masculine, Accusative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Karṇa
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'O King')
K
Kekaya warriors (Kekayāḥ)
A
arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how, in war, skill and allegiance propel action: Karṇa’s mastery manifests as an overwhelming arrow-volley. Ethically, it points to the tragic tension between kṣatriya-duty (fighting for one’s side) and the destructive outcomes that such duty entails.

Sañjaya reports to the king that Karṇa unleashes a dense barrage of arrows against the Kekaya elite archers positioned before him, beginning to crush their front line.