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Shloka 4

कर्णवधार्थं धनञ्जयस्य प्रतिज्ञा — Arjuna’s resolve for Karṇa’s defeat

ता वृष्टी: सहसा राजंस्तरसा धारयनू्‌ प्रभु: । व्यगाहत रणे पार्थो विनिघ्नन्‌ रथिनां वरान्‌,राजन्‌! उस बाण-वर्षाको सहसा वेगपूर्वक सहते और श्रेष्ठ रथियोंका संहार करते हुए शक्तिशाली अर्जुन रणभूमिमें विचरने लगे

tā vṛṣṭīḥ sahasā rājan tarasā dhārayan prabhuḥ | vyagāhata raṇe pārtho vinighnan rathināṃ varān ||

Sañjaya said: “O King, powerfully enduring that sudden shower of arrows with swift resolve, Pārtha (Arjuna) plunged into the thick of battle, cutting down the foremost chariot-warriors.”

ताःthose
ताः:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
वृष्टिःshowers (of arrows)
वृष्टिः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृष्टि
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
सहसाsuddenly
सहसा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहसा
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तरसाwith force/impetuosity
तरसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतरस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
धारयन्bearing/enduring
धारयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootधृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)
प्रभुःthe mighty one
प्रभुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यगाहतentered/plunged into
व्यगाहत:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + गाह्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
पार्थःArjuna (son of Pritha)
पार्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विनिघ्नन्slaying/striking down
विनिघ्नन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि + नि + हन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)
रथिनाम्of chariot-warriors
रथिनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootरथिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
वरान्the best/excellent
वरान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
A
Arjuna (Pārtha)
A
arrow-shower (bāṇa-vṛṣṭi)
B
battlefield (raṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights kṣātra-dharma in practice: steadfast endurance under attack and decisive action against adharma in war. Ethical emphasis lies on courage, composure, and purposeful engagement rather than panic or retreat when duty demands resistance.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Arjuna withstands a fierce, sudden barrage of arrows and then charges into the battle formation, defeating prominent chariot-fighters as he moves through the battlefield.