Shloka 31

ततः सुपर्णा: सम्पेतुर्भक्षयन्तो भुजड़मान्‌ । ते वै विदुद्रुवुर्नागा दृष्टयवा तान्‌ खचरान्‌ नृूप,फिर तो गरुड पक्षी प्रकट होकर उन नागोंपर टूट पड़े और उन्हें खाने लगे। नरेश्वर! उन पक्षियोंको प्रकट हुआ देख वे सारे नाग भाग चले

tataḥ suparṇāḥ sampetur bhakṣayanto bhujaṅgamān | te vai vidudruvur nāgā dṛṣṭva tān khacarān nṛpa ||

Sañjaya said: “Then the Suparṇas (Garuḍa-birds) swooped down, devouring the serpents. Seeing those birds of the sky, the nāgas fled in panic, O king.”

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात्)
Formअव्यय
सुपर्णाःGarudas / birds (Suparnas)
सुपर्णाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुपर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
सम्पेतुःflew together / swooped down
सम्पेतुः:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + पत् (धातु)
Formलिट् (परस्मैपद), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
भक्षयन्तःeating, devouring
भक्षयन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभक्ष् (धातु) → भक्षयत् (शतृ-प्रत्यय)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन (वर्तमान-कृदन्त, शतृ)
भुजगान्serpents
भुजगान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभुजग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
तेthey (those)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
Formअव्यय
विदुद्रुवुःran away, fled
विदुद्रुवुः:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + द्रु (धातु)
Formलिट् (परस्मैपद), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
नागाःserpents (Nagas)
नागाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनाग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु) → दृष्ट्वा (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय)
Formअव्यय-कृदन्त (क्त्वान्त)
तान्those
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
खचरान्sky-goers (birds)
खचरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootखचर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
नृपO king
नृप:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
N
nṛpa (the king, i.e., Dhṛtarāṣṭra as addressee)
S
Suparṇas (Garuḍa-birds)
N
Nāgas (serpents)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how sudden shifts in power—symbolized by Garuḍa-like predators appearing—can dissolve pride and stability, driving even strong beings into flight. In the wider epic context, it reflects the fragility of worldly strength and the inevitability of consequences when a superior force manifests.

Sañjaya describes a vivid scene: Garuḍa-birds swoop down and begin eating the serpents; upon seeing these aerial attackers, the nāgas scatter and flee. It functions as a dramatic battlefield image and a portent-like depiction of terror and rout.