Shloka 77
Devanagari script
यस्य यद्धि रणे व्यडूं पितृतो मातृतोडपि वा
Transliteration
yasya yaddhi raṇe vyaḍūṃ pitṛto mātṛto'pi vā
Translation
Sañjaya said: “In battle, whatever defect or weakness a man has—whether inherited from his father’s line or from his mother’s line—becomes evident.”
Word by Word
यस्यof whom/whose
यस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
यत्whatever/that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
Formmasculine, locative, singular
व्यडूa eunuch/impotent man (as read)
व्यडू:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्यडू
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
पितृतःfrom the father/father's side
पितृतः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
Formmasculine, ablative, singular
मातृतःfrom the mother/mother's side
मातृतः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ
Formfeminine, ablative, singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaCharacter Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse suggests that a person’s latent flaws—whether arising from paternal or maternal lineage—are exposed under the pressure of war, implying that extreme situations reveal true character and inherited tendencies.
Sañjaya, narrating events to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, makes a reflective observation about how the battlefield brings hidden weaknesses to light, framing the unfolding combat in moral-psychological terms.