Shloka 15

तेषां प्रपक्षा: काम्बोजा: शकाश्ष यवनै: सह,उनके प्रपक्षस्थानमें सूतपुत्रकी आज्ञासे रथों, घुड़सवारों और पैदलोंसहित काम्बोज, शक तथा यवन महाबली श्रीकृष्ण और अर्जुनको ललकारते हुए खड़े थे

teṣāṃ prapakṣāḥ kāmbojāḥ śakāś ca yavanaiḥ saha

Sañjaya said: On their flank stood the Kāmbojas, the Śakas, and the Yavanas together—arrayed by the command of the charioteer’s son (Karna). With chariots, cavalry, and infantry, they challenged the mighty Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna.

तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
प्रपक्षाःsupporters/partisans
प्रपक्षाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रपक्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
काम्बोजाःKambojas
काम्बोजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाम्बोज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शकाःŚakas
शकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यवनैःwith/by the Yavanas
यवनैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootयवन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kāmbojas
Ś
Śakas
Y
Yavanas
K
Karna (sūtaputra)
K
Kṛṣṇa
A
Arjuna
C
chariots
C
cavalry
I
infantry

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical tension of war: diverse groups and individual prowess are organized under a commander’s will. It points to the power of allegiance and strategy, reminding the reader that martial strength becomes morally significant depending on the cause it serves and the duties embraced by each side.

Sañjaya describes a battlefield deployment: on a flank of Karna’s forces, the Kāmbojas, Śakas, and Yavanas stand with chariots, horsemen, and foot-soldiers, openly challenging Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna.