Shloka 1

ऑपन-माज बछ। ्-ज:डिअ षट्त्रिशो5ध्याय: कर्णका युद्धके लिये प्रस्थान और शल्यसे उसकी बातचीत दुर्योधन उवाच अयं ते कर्ण सारथ्यं मद्रराज: करिष्यति । कृष्णादभ्यधिको यन्ता देवेशस्येव मातलि:,दुर्योधन बोला--कर्ण! ये मद्रराज शल्य तुम्हारा सारथ्यकर्म करेंगे। देवराज इन्द्रके सारथि मातलिके समान ये श्रीकृष्णसे भी श्रेष्ठ रथसंचालक हैं

duryodhana uvāca | ayaṃ te karṇa sārathyaṃ madrarājaḥ kariṣyati | kṛṣṇād abhyadhiko yantā deveśasyeva mātaliḥ ||

Duryodhana said: “Karna, the king of Madra, Śalya, will serve as your charioteer. As Mātali is to Indra, lord of the gods, so is he a driver—indeed, even superior to Kṛṣṇa as a charioteer.”

दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अयम्this (man)
अयम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेof you/your
ते:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
कर्णO Karna
कर्ण:
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सारथ्यम्charioteership; the role of charioteer
सारथ्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसारथ्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मद्रराजःthe king of Madra (Shalya)
मद्रराजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमद्रराज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
करिष्यतिwill do; will perform
करिष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormSimple Future (Lṛṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कृष्णात्than Krishna; from Krishna
कृष्णात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
अभ्यधिकःsuperior; greater
अभ्यधिकः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअभ्यधिक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यन्ताcharioteer; driver
यन्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयन्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
देवेशस्यof the lord of the gods (Indra)
देवेशस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootदेवेश
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
इवlike; as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
मातलिःMātali (Indra's charioteer)
मातलिः:
TypeNoun
Rootमातलि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

दुर्योधन उवाच

D
Duryodhana
K
Karna
Ś
Śalya
M
Madra (kingdom)
K
Kṛṣṇa
I
Indra (Deveśa)
M
Mātali

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how, in war, power is not only in weapons but also in guidance and control (the charioteer). It also shows the ethical risk of pride and overconfidence—Duryodhana elevates his side by exaggerated comparison, even claiming superiority over Kṛṣṇa, a claim that reflects partiality and hubris rather than measured discernment.

As Karna prepares for battle, Duryodhana assures him that Śalya, king of Madra, will act as his charioteer. To encourage Karna, Duryodhana praises Śalya’s skill, comparing him to Mātali, Indra’s famed charioteer, and even asserting that Śalya surpasses Kṛṣṇa in charioteering.