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Shloka 19

Bhīmasena–Drauṇi Mahāyuddha

Chariot Duel and Astra-Exchange

अनुपादे तु यो वामस्तत्र शल्यो व्यवस्थित: । महत्या सेनया सार्ध मद्रदेशसमुत्थया,बायें पैरके पिछले भागमें मद्रदेशकी विशाल सेनाके साथ स्वयं राजा शल्य उपस्थित थे

anupāde tu yo vāmas tatra śalyo vyavasthitaḥ | mahatyā senayā sārdhaṃ madradeśa-samutthayā ||

Sañjaya said: On the left flank, in the rear position, King Śalya stood stationed, accompanied by a great host that had arisen from the land of Madra—an arrangement that showed how each side deliberately placed trusted rulers and regional forces to secure the vulnerable points of the battle array.

अनुपादेat the back part of the left foot/flank
अनुपादे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअनुपाद
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
यःwhich/where
यः:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वामःleft
वामः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवाम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
शल्यःShalya (the king)
शल्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशल्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यवस्थितःstationed/positioned
व्यवस्थितः:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यवस्था (वि+अव+स्था)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
महत्याwith a great
महत्या:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
सेनयाarmy
सेनया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसेना
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
सार्धम्together with
सार्धम्:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसार्धम्
मद्रदेशसमुत्थयाarisen from the Madra country
मद्रदेशसमुत्थया:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमद्रदेश-समुत्थ
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Ś
Śalya
M
Madra (Madradeśa)
M
Madra army (Madradeśa-senā)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights disciplined military order and the ethical responsibility of rulers to protect strategic weak points: trusted kings and their regional troops are placed where steadiness and accountability are required, reflecting kṣatriya duty in organized warfare.

Sañjaya describes the deployment within the battle array: on the left side, toward the rear, King Śalya is stationed with a large contingent from Madra, indicating a deliberate placement of forces to secure that sector.