Shloka 3

अध्याय ९९ — युयुधान-दुःशासन-युद्धम्

Chapter 99: Sātyaki and Duḥśāsana’s engagement

Devanagari script

किरंस्तु शरवर्षाणि रोचमान इवांशुमान्‌ | धृष्टद्युम्नो महाराज द्रोणमभ्यद्रवद्‌ रणे

Transliteration

kiraṃstu śaravarṣāṇi rocamāna ivāṃśumān | dhṛṣṭadyumno mahārāja droṇam abhyadravad raṇe ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: “Pouring forth showers of arrows, radiant like the sun, Dhṛṣṭadyumna, O King, charged straight at Droṇa on the battlefield.”

Word by Word

• किरन्: scattering, showering
• किरन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: किर्
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकालिक कृदन्त, पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तु: but, indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• शर-वर्षाणि: showers of arrows
• शर-वर्षाणि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शरवर्ष
• Form: नपुं, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• रोचमानः: shining
• रोचमानः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: रुच्
• Form: शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकालिक कृदन्त (आत्मनेपदी), पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• इव: as if, like
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• अंशुमान्: the radiant one (sun)
• अंशुमान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अंशुमत्
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• धृष्टद्युम्नः: Dhrishtadyumna
• धृष्टद्युम्नः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृष्टद्युम्न
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• महाराज: O great king
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज
• Form: पुं, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• द्रोणम्: Drona
• द्रोणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रोण
• Form: पुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• अभ्यद्रवत्: ran towards, charged at
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि+द्रु
• Form: लङ् (अनद्यतनभूत), प्रथम, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण
• Form: पुं, सप्तमी, एकवचन

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Dhṛṣṭadyumna
• Droṇa
• arrows
• battlefield

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights kṣātra-dharma in its stark form: decisive action and fearless leadership in battle, while also reminding the reader that brilliance and prowess (likened to the sun) can serve destructive ends when war becomes inevitable.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Dhṛṣṭadyumna, blazing with energy and releasing dense volleys of arrows, rushes directly to engage Droṇa in close combat on the battlefield.