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Shloka 5

दुर्योधनकवचविमर्शः

Duryodhana’s Armor and the Tactical Reassessment

चुक्षुभुश्न महाराज सागरा मकरालया: । प्रतिस्त्रोत: प्रवृत्ताश्न॒ तथा गन्तुं समुद्रगा:,महाराज! ग्राहोंके निवासस्थान समुद्रोंमें ज्वार आ गया। समुद्रगामिनी नदियाँ उलटी धारामें बहकर अपने उद्गमकी ओर जाने लगीं

sañjaya uvāca |

cukṣubhuś ca mahārāja sāgarā makarālayāḥ |

pratistrotaḥ pravṛttāś ca tathā gantuṃ samudragāḥ ||

Sañjaya said: O great king, the oceans—abodes of the makaras—were thrown into violent agitation; and the rivers that run to the sea began to flow against their current, as though turning back toward their sources. Such portents signal a profound disturbance in the moral and cosmic order brought on by the fury of war.

चुक्षुभुःwere agitated / churned
चुक्षुभुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootक्षुभ्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सागराःthe oceans
सागराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसागर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मकरालयाःhaving makaras as their abode (i.e., sea-creature-haunted)
मकरालयाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमकरालय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रतिस्त्रोतःagainst the current / upstream
प्रतिस्त्रोतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रतिस्त्रोतस्
प्रवृत्ताःset in motion / began (to flow)
प्रवृत्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रवृत्त
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
तथाthus / likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
गन्तुम्to go
गन्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormInfinitive (Tumun)
समुद्रगाःocean-going (rivers)
समुद्रगाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमुद्रग
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
महाराज (Dhṛtarāṣṭra, implied addressee)
सागर (oceans/seas)
मकर (makara, sea-creature)
समुद्रगा नद्यः (sea-going rivers, implied)

Educational Q&A

When adharma and uncontrolled violence dominate, even nature is portrayed as recoiling—through omens like turbulent seas and rivers reversing—warning that moral disorder has consequences beyond the battlefield.

Sañjaya reports ominous signs to Dhṛtarāṣṭra: the oceans churn and sea-bound rivers seem to run upstream, indicating an extraordinary, inauspicious upheaval accompanying the events of the war.