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Shloka 39

Droṇasya raudra-prayogaḥ

Droṇa’s intensified assault and the Pāṇḍava response

परिवेषो महांश्वापि सविद्युत्स्तनयित्नुमान्‌

pariveṣo mahāṁś cāpi savidyut-stanayitnumān

Sañjaya said: “A vast halo appeared as well—accompanied by lightning and thunder.” In the war-narrative, this functions as an ominous celestial sign, suggesting that nature itself mirrors the moral gravity and impending calamity of the conflict.

परिवेषःhalo; surrounding radiance (around the sun/moon)
परिवेषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपरिवेष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महान्great, large
महान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
सविद्युत्having lightning; with lightning
सविद्युत्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसविद्युत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्तनयित्नुमान्thundering; possessing thunder
स्तनयित्नुमान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस्तनयित्नु-मत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
pariveṣa (halo)
V
vidyut (lightning)
S
stanayitnu (thunder/thundercloud)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the Mahābhārata motif that adharma and massive violence are reflected in unsettling natural portents; the cosmos is portrayed as morally responsive, warning of destructive consequences.

Sañjaya reports a striking atmospheric phenomenon—a large halo with lightning and thunder—presented as a portent occurring amid the events of the Drona Parva war sequence.