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Shloka 31

Jayadrathasya śoka-bhaya-vilāpaḥ — Droṇena āśvāsanaṃ ca

Jayadratha’s lament and Droṇa’s reassurance

तस्य शोकं विदित्वा तु पुत्रव्यसनसम्भवम्‌ । आजगामाथ देवर्षिनरिदो5स्थ समीपतः,राजा अकम्पनको अपने पुत्रकी मृत्युसे महान्‌ शोक हो रहा है, यह जानकर देवर्षि नारद उनके समीप आये

tasya śokaṃ viditvā tu putravyasanasaṃbhavam | ājagāmātha devarṣiḥ nārado 'sya samīpataḥ ||

Knowing that the king’s grief had arisen from the calamity of his son’s death, the divine sage Nārada came and approached him.

तस्यof him (of that king)
तस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
शोकम्grief
शोकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विदित्वाhaving known
विदित्वा:
Kriya (Purvakala)
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here), Non-finite
तुindeed/but
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
पुत्रव्यसनसम्भवम्arising from the calamity (loss) of (his) son
पुत्रव्यसनसम्भवम्:
Visheshana (of शोकम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootपुत्र-व्यसन-सम्भव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आजगामcame/arrived
आजगाम:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-गम्
FormPerfect (लिट्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
देवर्षिःthe divine sage
देवर्षिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवर्षि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नारदःNarada
नारदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनारद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्यof him (of this king)
अस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
समीपतःnear/close by
समीपतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमीप

व्यास उवाच

N
Nārada
T
the king (unnamed in this verse)
T
the king’s son (unnamed in this verse)

Educational Q&A

Sorrow born of personal loss is acknowledged as natural, yet the arrival of a devarṣi implies that grief should be guided by wisdom—toward dharmic understanding, restraint, and a broader view of fate and impermanence.

A king is overwhelmed by grief due to his son’s death. Recognizing this, the divine sage Nārada comes to him, setting up a moment of counsel or instruction that typically follows such interventions in the epic.