Shloka 4

Droṇa-parva Adhyāya 45: Saubhadra–Lakṣmaṇa-saṃyoga and Kaurava Counter-Encirclement

Devanagari script

सत्यश्रवसि चाक्षिप्ते त्वरमाणा महारथा: । प्रगृह्य विपुलं शस्त्रमभिमन्युमुपाद्रवन्‌,सत्यश्रवाके मारे जानेपर उन सभी महारथियोंने प्रचुर अस्त्र-शस्त्र लेकर बड़ी उतावलीके साथ अभिमन्युपर आक्रमण किया

Transliteration

satyśravasi cākṣipte tvaramāṇā mahārathāḥ | pragṛhya vipulaṃ śastram abhimanyum upādravan |

Translation

Sañjaya said: When Satyśravas had been struck down, the great chariot-warriors, driven by haste and fury, seized abundant weapons and rushed to assail Abhimanyu.

Word by Word

• सत्यश्रवसि: when/at (the warrior) Satyashravas
• सत्यश्रवसि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्यश्रवस्
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• आक्षिप्ते: when (he was) struck down / felled
• आक्षिप्ते: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-क्षिप्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

• त्वरमाणाः: hastening
• त्वरमाणाः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: त्वर्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, शतृ (present active participle)

• महारथाः: great chariot-warriors
• महारथाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महारथ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• प्रगृह्य: having seized/taken up
• प्रगृह्य: Karana
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-ग्रह्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund)

• विपुलम्: large, abundant
• विपुलम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विपुल
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• शस्त्रम्: weapon
• शस्त्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शस्त्र
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अभिमन्युम्: Abhimanyu
• अभिमन्युम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभिमन्यु
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• उपाद्रवन्: they attacked / rushed upon
• उपाद्रवन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-आ-द्रु
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Satyśravas
• Abhimanyu
• mahārathāḥ (great chariot-warriors)
• śastra (weapons)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how quickly warfare turns into retaliatory frenzy: the fall of one warrior provokes an urgent collective assault. It invites reflection on dharma in battle—whether grief and anger justify abandoning restraint and fair conduct.

What is happening in the narrative?

After Satyśravas is struck down, the leading warriors rapidly arm themselves and converge to attack Abhimanyu, intensifying the pressure on him in the ongoing battle episode of Droṇa Parva.