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Shloka 28

Abhimanyu-śravaṇa-prastāva and Cakravyūha-vinyāsa

Prelude to Abhimanyu’s Account and the Wheel-Formation Deployment

दावाग्न्यभिपरीतानां भूरिगुल्मतृणद्रुमे । वनौकसामिवारण्ये त्वदीयानामभूद्‌ भयम्‌,जैसे प्रचुर लता-गुल्म, घास-पात और वृक्षोंसे भरे हुए वनमें दावानलसे घिरे हुए वनवासियोंको महान्‌ भयका सामना करना पड़ता है, उसी प्रकार अभिमन्युसे आपके सैनिकोंको अत्यन्त भय प्राप्त हुआ था

sañjaya uvāca |

dāvāgny-abhiparītānāṁ bhūri-gulma-tṛṇa-drumaiḥ |

vanaukāsām ivāraṇye tvadīyānām abhūd bhayam ||

Sañjaya said: “Just as forest-dwellers, hemmed in by a raging wildfire in a wilderness thick with abundant shrubs, grasses, and trees, are seized by great terror, so too your warriors were overcome by intense fear because of Abhimanyu.”

दावाग्निin the forest-fire
दावाग्नि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदावाग्नि
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अभिपरीतानाम्of those surrounded
अभिपरीतानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअभि-परि-इ (परि + इ) → अभिपरि-इ (कृदन्त: परीत)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
भूरिabundant, much
भूरि:
TypeAdjective
Rootभूरि
FormNeuter (indeclinable-adjectival use), Nominative/Accusative (adjectival use), Singular
गुल्मin shrubs/bushes
गुल्म:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगुल्म
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तृणin grass
तृण:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootतृण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
द्रुमेin trees
द्रुमे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रुम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वनौकसाम्of forest-dwellers
वनौकसाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवनौकस्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अरण्येin the wilderness/forest
अरण्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअरण्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
त्वदीयानाम्of your (people/soldiers)
त्वदीयानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootत्वदीय
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
अभूत्arose/was
अभूत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormAorist (luṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
भयम्fear
भयम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Abhimanyu
F
forest (araṇya)
F
forest-fire (dāvāgni)
F
forest-dwellers (vanaukasaḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how moral and martial excellence can reshape the battlefield psychologically: a single righteous, formidable warrior can induce fear in a larger force, just as a wildfire overwhelms those trapped within a dense forest. It underscores the ethical weight of courage and the destabilizing power of adharma when confronted by steadfast valor.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Abhimanyu’s onslaught has terrified the Kaurava troops. He uses a vivid simile: like forest-dwellers surrounded by a wildfire in a thickly overgrown forest, the Kaurava soldiers felt intense fear when faced with Abhimanyu.