Shloka 49

Devanagari script

तस्याचार्यस्य वृद्धस्य द्रोहो नित्योपकारिण: । कृत्वे हानार्यरस्माभी राज्यार्थे लुब्धबुद्धिभि:

Transliteration

tasya ācāryasya vṛddhasya droho nityopakāriṇaḥ | kṛtve hānāryair asmābhī rājārthe lubdhabuddhibhiḥ ||

Translation

Arjuna said: “We have committed treachery against that aged teacher—one who has always been our benefactor—driven by greedy minds for the sake of kingship. Such conduct is ignoble, and it stains our cause with moral fault even amid war.”

Word by Word

• तस्य: of that (man)
• तस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• आचार्यस्य: of the teacher
• आचार्यस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: आचार्य
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• वृद्धस्य: aged, old
• वृद्धस्य: Visheshana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वृद्ध
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• द्रोहः: betrayal, treachery
• द्रोहः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रोह
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• नित्योपकारिणः: of the ever-beneficent (one)
• नित्योपकारिणः: Visheshana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नित्य-उपकारिन्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• कृत्वा: having done
• कृत्वा: Kriya (Purvakala)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund)

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अनार्यम्: unworthy, ignoble
• अनार्यम्: Karma (Visheshana)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनार्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अस्माभिः: by us
• अस्माभिः: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, Instrumental, Plural

• राज्यार्थे: for the sake of the kingdom
• राज्यार्थे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राज्य-अर्थ
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• लुब्धबुद्धिभिः: by (us) of greedy mind
• लुब्धबुद्धिभिः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: लुब्ध-बुद्धि
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

Speaker

अजुन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Arjuna
• Droṇa (the aged ācārya)