Shloka 3

Devanagari script

युधिष्ठिरस्ततो राजा माद्रीपुत्रौ च पाण्डवौ । भीमसेनश्न बलवान्‌ सात्यकिं पर्यवारयन्‌,तब राजा युधिष्ठिर, पाण्डुकुमार नकुल-सहदेव तथा बलवान्‌ भीमसेनने सात्यकिकी रक्षाके लिये उन्हें अपने बीचमें कर लिया

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | yudhiṣṭhiras tato rājā mādrīputrau ca pāṇḍavau | bhīmasenaś ca balavān sātyakiṃ paryavārayan ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: Then King Yudhiṣṭhira, along with the Pāṇḍava sons of Mādrī, and the mighty Bhīmasena, formed a protective ring around Sātyaki.

Word by Word

• युधिष्ठिरः: Yudhiṣṭhira
• युधिष्ठिरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युधिष्ठिर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ततः: then/thereupon
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• राजा: the king
• राजा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• माद्रीपुत्रौ: the two sons of Mādrī (Nakula and Sahadeva)
• माद्रीपुत्रौ: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: माद्रीपुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• पाण्डवौ: the two Pāṇḍavas
• पाण्डवौ: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• भीमसेनः: Bhīmasena
• भीमसेनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीमसेन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• बलवान्: mighty/strong
• बलवान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बलवत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सात्यकिम्: Sātyaki
• सात्यकिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सात्यकि
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पर्यवारयन्: they surrounded/encircled (protected by forming a ring)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि + √वृ (वृणोति/वृ)
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Nakula
• Sahadeva
• Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
• Sātyaki
• Mādrī

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even in war, dharma includes protection and responsibility: power and rank are meant to safeguard companions and uphold loyalty, not only to defeat enemies.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Yudhiṣṭhira, the twins Nakula and Sahadeva, and the strong Bhīma surround Sātyaki, positioning themselves as a defensive screen to protect him amid the fighting.