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Shloka 40

कदर्थीकृत्य न: सर्वान्‌ पश्यत: सव्यसाचिन: । निहतो राक्षस: कृष्ण भैमसेनिर्महाबल:,'श्रीकृष्ण!! हम सबकी अवहेलना करके सव्यसाची अर्जुनके देखते-देखते भीमसेनकुमार महाबली राक्षस घटोत्कच मारा गया है

kadarthīkṛtya naḥ sarvān paśyataḥ savyasācinaḥ | nihato rākṣasaḥ kṛṣṇa bhaimasenir mahābalaḥ ||

Sañjaya said: “O Kṛṣṇa, in full view of Savyasācin (Arjuna), after humiliating and disregarding all of us, the mighty Rākṣasa—Bhīmasena’s son—has been slain.”

कदर्थीकृत्यhaving insulted / having treated with contempt
कदर्थीकृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootकदर्थीकृ (कदर्थ + कृ)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद-भावार्थ (gerundial), —, —, —
नःof us / our
नः:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
सर्वान्all (of us)
सर्वान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
पश्यतःwhile (he) was seeing / in the presence of (one) seeing
पश्यतः:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootपश्यत् (√दृश्)
Formशतृ (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
सव्यसाचिनःof Savyasācin (Arjuna)
सव्यसाचिनः:
TypeNoun
Rootसव्यसाचिन्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
निहतःslain / killed
निहतः:
TypeVerb
Root√हन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
राक्षसःthe rākṣasa (demon)
राक्षसः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराक्षस
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
कृष्णO Krishna
कृष्ण:
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
भैमसेनिःBhīmasena’s son (Ghaṭotkaca)
भैमसेनिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभैमसेनि
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
महाबलःvery strong / mighty
महाबलः:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाबल
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kṛṣṇa
A
Arjuna (Savyasācin)
G
Ghaṭotkaca (Bhīmasena’s son, Rākṣasa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical sting of warfare: beyond victory and defeat, there is the moral weight of humiliation and the shock of a great warrior’s fall even in the presence of protectors. It underscores how pride, disregard for others, and the brutal reversals of battle intensify suffering and grief.

Sañjaya reports to Kṛṣṇa that Ghaṭotkaca—Bhīma’s powerful Rākṣasa son—has been killed, and he frames it as occurring despite Arjuna’s presence, after the enemy had effectively scorned and overawed their side. The line conveys alarm and lament at the sudden loss of a formidable ally.