Shloka 41

यदाभिमन्युर्निहतो धार्तराष्ट्रैर्दुरात्मभि: । नासीत्‌ तत्र रणे कृष्ण सव्यसाची महारथ:,“श्रीकृष्ण! धृतराष्ट्रके दुरात्मा पुत्रोंने जब युद्धमें अभिमन्युकोी मारा था, उस समय महारथी अर्जुन वहाँ उपस्थित नहीं थे

yadābhimanyur nihato dhārtarāṣṭrair durātmabhiḥ | nāsīt tatra raṇe kṛṣṇa savyasācī mahārathaḥ ||

Sañjaya said: “O Kṛṣṇa, when Abhimanyu was slain in battle by the wicked sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the great chariot-warrior Arjuna, famed as Savyasācī, was not present there on that battlefield.”

यदाwhen
यदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
अभिमन्युःAbhimanyu
अभिमन्युः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअभिमन्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निहतःwas slain
निहतः:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-हन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular, passive/resultative
धार्तराष्ट्रैःby the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra / by the Kauravas
धार्तराष्ट्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
दुरात्मभिःby the evil-souled (ones)
दुरात्मभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootदुरात्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
कृष्णO Kṛṣṇa
कृष्ण:
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सव्यसाचीthe ambidextrous one (Arjuna)
सव्यसाची:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसव्यसाचिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महारथःthe great chariot-warrior
महारथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kṛṣṇa
A
Abhimanyu
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
D
Dhārtarāṣṭras (Kauravas)
A
Arjuna (Savyasācī)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical gravity of wartime conduct: Abhimanyu’s death is framed as the act of ‘durātmans’ (wicked-minded), implying adharma, and it stresses how the absence of rightful protection (Arjuna) can enable injustice and intensify tragedy.

Sañjaya informs Kṛṣṇa that at the moment Abhimanyu was killed by the Kaurava side, Arjuna—the foremost Pāṇḍava archer—was not present on that part of the battlefield, setting context for how Abhimanyu became vulnerable.