Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 10

नारायणास्त्र-शमनं द्रौणि-प्रहारश्च

Pacification of the Nārāyaṇāstra and Drauni’s Renewed Assault

नकुलस्तु भृशं विद्ध: श्यालेन तव धन्विना । निषसाद रथोपस्थे कश्मलं चाविशन्महत्‌,आपके धनुर्धर सालेके द्वारा अत्यन्त घायल किये हुए नकुल रथके पिछले भागमें बैठ गये और भारी मूर्च्छामें पड़ गये

nakulas tu bhṛśaṃ viddhaḥ śyālena tava dhanvinā | niṣasāda rathopasthe kaśmalaṃ cāviśan mahat ||

Sañjaya said: Nakula, grievously wounded by your archer brother-in-law, sank down upon the rear of his chariot; and a great faintness—born of shock and pain—overcame him.

नकुलःNakula
नकुलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनकुल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
भृशम्severely, greatly
भृशम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभृशम्
विद्धःwounded, pierced
विद्धः:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यध्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
श्यालेनby (your) brother-in-law
श्यालेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootश्याल
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
तवyour
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormSecond, Genitive, Singular
धन्विनाby the archer/bowman
धन्विना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधन्विन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
निषसादsat down, sank down
निषसाद:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-षद्
FormPerfect (लिट्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
रथोपस्थेon the seat/platform of the chariot
रथोपस्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथोपस्थ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
कश्मलम्faintness, delusion, swoon
कश्मलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकश्मल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आविशन्entered, came upon (him)
आविशन्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-विश्
FormImperfect (लङ्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
महत्great, severe
महत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
N
Nakula
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
Ś
Śalya (implied by 'śyāla' as the Pāṇḍavas' maternal uncle and Dhṛtarāṣṭra's brother-in-law)
C
chariot
B
bow/archery (dhanus implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the human cost of war: even renowned warriors are vulnerable to pain, shock, and collapse. It also highlights Sañjaya’s impartial reporting to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, reminding the listener that battlefield outcomes are shaped by both prowess and the frailty of the body.

During the fighting, Nakula is struck severely by an archer described as Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s ‘brother-in-law’ (śyāla), i.e., Śalya. Overwhelmed by the wound, Nakula slumps onto the rear/seat area of his chariot and falls into a deep faintness.