Shloka 18

Droṇa’s Withdrawal, Death, and the Kaurava Rout (द्रोणनिधन-प्रसङ्गः)

Devanagari script

सर्वस्तु सेना व्यतिसेव्यमाना: पदातिभि: पावकतैलहस्तै: । प्रकाश्यमाना ददृशुर्निशायां यथान्तरिक्षे जलदास्तडिद्धिः

Transliteration

sarvastu senā vyatisevyamānāḥ padātibhiḥ pāvaka-taila-hastaiḥ | prakāśyamānā dadṛśur niśāyāṃ yathāntarikṣe jaladās taḍiddhiḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: “The entire army, being closely attended and served by the foot-soldiers carrying fire and oil, became clearly visible in the night—like clouds in the sky lit up by flashes of lightning.”

Word by Word

• सर्वा: entire
• सर्वा: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• सेना: army
• सेना: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सेना
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• व्यतिसेव्यमाना: being attended/served all around
• Type: Verb
• Root: व्यति-सेव्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular, शानच् (present passive participle), Passive

• पदातिभिः: by foot-soldiers
• पदातिभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पदाति
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• पावक-तैल-हस्तैः: with hands holding flaming oil (torches/oil-fire)
• पावक-तैल-हस्तैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पावक + तैल + हस्त
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• प्रकाश्यमाना: being illuminated
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-काश्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular, शानच् (present passive participle), Passive

• ददृशुः: they saw/appeared (was seen)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

• निशायाम्: at night
• निशायाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: निशा
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Singular

• यथा: as/just as
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• अन्तरिक्षे: in the sky
• अन्तरिक्षे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्तरिक्ष
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• जलदाः: clouds
• जलदाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: जलद
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• तडिद्धिः: with lightning
• तडिद्धिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: तडित्
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• संजय (Sañjaya)
• सेना (the army)
• पदाति (foot-soldiers/infantry)
• पावक (fire)
• तैल (oil)
• अन्तरिक्ष (sky)
• जलद (clouds)
• तडित् (lightning)