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Shloka 19

दुर्योधन–द्रोणसंवादः

Arjuna-vīrya-prasaṃśā and renewed battle formation

“समरांगणमें अकेले अर्जुनका सामना करनेकी भी तुममें शक्ति नहीं है; फिर श्रीकृष्णसहित सम्पूर्ण पाण्डवोंको जीत लेनेका उत्साह कैसे दिखाते हो? ।। अब्रुवन्‌ कर्ण युध्यस्व कत्थसे बहु सूनज । अनुकक्‍्त्वा विक्रमेद्‌ यस्तु तद्‌ वै सत्पुरुषब्रतम्‌,'सूतपुत्र कर्ण! चुपचाप युद्ध करो। तुम बातें बहुत बनाते हो। जो बिना कुछ कहे ही पराक्रम दिखाये, वही वीर है और वैसा करना ही सत्पुरुषोंका व्रत है

sañjaya uvāca | samarāṅgaṇe ekena arjunena saha yoddhuṃ api yuṣmāsu śaktir nāsti; tarhi śrīkṛṣṇa-sahitaṃ samasta-pāṇḍavān vijetuṃ kathaṃ utsāhaṃ darśayatha? | abruvan—karṇa yudhyasva, katthase bahu sūtaputra | anuktvā vikramed yas tu, tad vai satpuruṣa-vratam ||

Sanjaya said: “On the battlefield you do not even have the strength to face Arjuna alone; how then do you display such confidence about conquering all the Pandavas together with Krishna? They said, ‘Karna, fight—son of a charioteer, you boast too much. The one who shows his valor without speaking is the true hero; such restraint is the vow of the noble.’”

अब्रुवन्they said
अब्रुवन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
Formलङ् (Imperfect), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
कर्णO Karna
कर्ण:
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
युध्यस्वfight!
युध्यस्व:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
Formलोट् (Imperative), 2nd, Singular, Ātmanepada
कत्थसेyou boast
कत्थसे:
TypeVerb
Rootकत्थ्
Formलट् (Present), 2nd, Singular, Ātmanepada
बहुmuch / many things
बहु:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सूनजO son of a charioteer (Suta-born)
सूनज:
TypeNoun
Rootसूनज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अनुक्त्वाwithout speaking / without saying (anything)
अनुक्त्वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनुक्त्वा
FormGerund (त्वा) from √वच् with negating prefix अन् (i.e., 'without saying')
विक्रमेत्should display valor / should advance bravely
विक्रमेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + क्रम्
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut / indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तत्that (conduct/act)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वैindeed / surely
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
सत्पुरुषव्रतम्the vow/practice of good men
सत्पुरुषव्रतम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसत्पुरुषव्रत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
A
Arjuna
S
Shri Krishna
P
Pandavas
K
Karna
B
battlefield (samarāṅgaṇa)

Educational Q&A

True heroism is shown through disciplined action rather than loud claims: the noble person restrains speech and proves valor by deeds, especially in a dharmic context like war.

Sanjaya reports a rebuke directed at Karna: despite lacking the power to face Arjuna alone, he speaks as if he will defeat all the Pandavas along with Krishna; he is urged to stop boasting and simply fight.