Shloka 5

Adhyāya 16: Saṃśaptaka-vrata and the Diversion of Arjuna (द्रोणपर्व, अध्याय १६)

Devanagari script

हयौघांश्र॒ रथौघांक्ष॒ गजौघांश्व॒ महारथ: । अपातयद्‌ू रणे राजन्‌ शतशोडथ सहस्रश:,नरेश्वर! उस महारथी वीरने रणभूमिमें घोड़ों, रथों और हाथियोंके सैकड़ों-हजारों समूहोंको मार गिराया

Transliteration

hayaughāṁś ca rathaughāṁś ca gajaughāṁś ca mahārathaḥ | apātayad raṇe rājan śataśo 'tha sahasraśaḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: O King, that great chariot-warrior struck down in battle—by the hundreds and even by the thousands—massed hosts of horses, chariots, and elephants. The verse underscores the overwhelming scale of violence on the battlefield, where martial prowess manifests as vast destruction rather than measured restraint.

Word by Word

• हयौघान्: masses of horses
• हयौघान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: हय-औघ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• रथौघान्: masses of chariots
• रथौघान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ-औघ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• गजौघान्: masses of elephants
• गजौघान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गज-औघ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• महारथः: the great chariot-warrior
• महारथः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा-रथ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अपातयत्: felled / caused to fall
• Type: Verb
• Root: पत्
• Form: Imperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• शतशः: by hundreds / in hundreds
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शतशस्

• अथ: and then / also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• सहस्रशः: by thousands / in thousands
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सहस्रशस्

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'rājan')
• mahāratha (unnamed great warrior)
• horses
• chariots
• elephants
• battlefield (raṇa)