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Shloka 34

Adhyāya 16: Saṃśaptaka-vrata and the Diversion of Arjuna (द्रोणपर्व, अध्याय १६)

व्याप्रदत्तस्तु पाउ्चाल्यो द्रोणं विव्याध मार्गणै: । पज्चाशता शितै राजंस्तत उच्चुक्रुशुर्जना:,राजन! पांचालदेशीय व्याप्रदत्तने पचास तीखे बाणोंद्वारा द्रोणाचार्यको घायल कर दिया। तब सब लोग जोर-जोरसे हर्षनाद करने लगे

vyāpradattas tu pāñcālyo droṇaṃ vivyādha mārgaṇaiḥ | pañcāśatā śitai rājāṃs tat uccukruśur janāḥ ||

Sañjaya said: Vyāpradatta of the Pāñcālas struck Droṇa with arrows. O King, pierced by fifty keen shafts, Droṇa became the cause of a great outcry—men shouted aloud in exultation, as the tide of battle momentarily turned against the formidable teacher.

व्याप्रदत्तःVyāpradatta (a person)
व्याप्रदत्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्याप्रदत्त (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
पाञ्चाल्यःthe Pāñcāla (man)/Pāñcālya
पाञ्चाल्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाञ्चाल्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्रोणम्Droṇa
द्रोणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विव्याधpierced/wounded
विव्याध:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यध् (धातु)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
मार्गणैःwith arrows
मार्गणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमार्गण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
पञ्चाशताwith fifty (as a set/number)
पञ्चाशता:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चाशत् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
शितैःsharp
शितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootशित (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तत्then/that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
उच्चुक्रुशुःcried out/shouted
उच्चुक्रुशुः:
TypeVerb
Rootक्रुश् (धातु)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
जनाःpeople
जनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
V
Vyāpradatta
P
Pāñcāla
D
Droṇa (Droṇācārya)
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'rājan')
A
arrows (mārgaṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the volatility of war and the moral ambiguity of crowd reaction: people celebrate immediate tactical success, yet dharma is not simply measured by who is wounded or who gains advantage in a moment.

During the battle, the Pāñcāla warrior Vyāpradatta shoots Droṇa with fifty sharp arrows. Seeing Droṇa struck, the onlookers/warriors raise loud cries of jubilation.