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Shloka 51

अध्याय १४८ — कर्णप्रभावः, धृष्टद्युम्नस्य विरथता, तथा घटोत्कच-आह्वानम्

Chapter 148: Karṇa’s Pressure, Dhṛṣṭadyumna Unhorsed, and the Summoning of Ghaṭotkaca

कबन्धसंकुलं चक्रे तव सैन्यं महारथ: । अर्जुनो जयतां श्रेष्ठ: शरैरग्न्यंशुसंनिभै:,विजयी वीरोंमें श्रेष्ठ महारथी अर्जुनने अग्निकी ज्वालाके समान तेजस्वी बाणोंद्वारा आपकी सेनाको कबन्धोंसे भर दिया

sañjaya uvāca |

kabandha-saṅkulaṃ cakre tava sainyaṃ mahārathaḥ |

arjuno jayatāṃ śreṣṭhaḥ śarair agny-aṃśu-sannibhaiḥ ||

Sañjaya said: The great chariot-warrior Arjuna—foremost among victors—filled your army with headless trunks, striking it with arrows blazing like tongues of fire.

कबन्ध-संकुलम्filled with headless trunks (kabandhas)
कबन्ध-संकुलम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकबन्ध + संकुल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
चक्रेmade
चक्रे:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular
तवyour
तव:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
सैन्यम्army
सैन्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
महा-रथःthe great chariot-warrior
महा-रथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अर्जुनःArjuna
अर्जुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जयताम्of those who conquer / of victors
जयताम्:
TypeKridanta
Rootजि
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
श्रेष्ठःthe best
श्रेष्ठः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शरैःwith arrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अग्नि-अंशु-संनिभैःresembling the rays/flames of fire
अग्नि-अंशु-संनिभैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअग्नि + अंशु + संनिभ
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
K
Kaurava army (tava sainyam)
A
arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the harsh ethical reality of righteous warfare (kṣatriya-dharma): even when duty and victory are affirmed, the battlefield outcome is horrific, reminding the listener that triumph in war is inseparable from grave human loss.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Arjuna, as an elite warrior, is cutting down the Kaurava forces with fire-bright arrows, leaving the field strewn with headless bodies—an image of Arjuna’s overwhelming martial dominance at this moment.