Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 3

Adhyāya 140: Rātriyuddhe Droṇa-prāpti-prayatnaḥ

Night engagement and the attempt to reach Droṇa

यथा होष क्षयो वृत्तो ममापनयसम्भव: । वीराणां तन्ममाचक्ष्व स्थिरीभूतो5स्मि संजय,सूत! मेरे अन्यायसे वीरोंका जो यह विनाश हुआ है, वह सब कह सुनाओ। मैं धैर्य धारण करके बैठा हूँ

sañjaya uvāca | yathā hoṣa kṣayo vṛtto mamāpanaya-sambhavaḥ | vīrāṇāṃ tan mamācakṣva sthirī-bhūto 'smi sañjaya, sūta |

Sañjaya said: “O King, tell me in full how that destruction of the heroes came to pass—born of my own wrongdoing. Speak it all to me, O Sañjaya; I am steady now and ready to hear.”

यथाas, in the manner that
यथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
Formindeclinable (comparative/correlative adverb)
होषindeed/alas (particle; uncertain reading)
होष:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहोष
Formindeclinable (particle/interjection; textually uncertain)
क्षयःdestruction, ruin
क्षयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षय
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
वृत्तःoccurred, happened
वृत्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवृत्त
Formmasculine, nominative, singular (past participle of √वृत्/√वृत्त् 'to happen/occur')
ममof me, my
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formgenitive, singular
अपनयremoval; (by) driving away/banishment (sense-dependent)
अपनय:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअपनय
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular (in compound)
सम्भवःarising, origin, cause
सम्भवः:
TypeNoun
Rootसम्भव
Formmasculine, nominative, singular (as final member of compound)
अपनय-सम्भवःarising from (my) removal/banishment; caused by my act (contextual)
अपनय-सम्भवः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअपनयसम्भव
Formmasculine, nominative, singular (qualifying क्षयः)
वीराणाम्of the heroes/warriors
वीराणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
तत्that (matter/thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
ममto me / of me (contextual)
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formgenitive, singular
आचक्ष्वtell, relate
आचक्ष्व:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-चक्ष्
Formimperative, 2nd person, singular, parasmaipada
स्थिरीभूतःhaving become steady/firm
स्थिरीभूतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थिरी-भू
Formmasculine, nominative, singular (past participle: 'having become firm')
अस्मिI am
अस्मि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formpresent, 1st person, singular, parasmaipada
संजयO Sanjaya
संजय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
Formmasculine, vocative, singular (proper noun)
सूतO charioteer/bard
सूत:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied as the addressed king)
V
vīrāḥ (the warriors/heroes, collectively)

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds moral accountability: the speaker recognizes that catastrophic loss can arise from one’s own adharma (wrongdoing) and seeks an honest recounting, showing the ethical need to face consequences with steadiness rather than denial.

In the aftermath of heavy slaughter, the king (implicitly Dhṛtarāṣṭra) asks Sañjaya to narrate exactly how the warriors were destroyed, acknowledging that the calamity stems from his own unjust actions, and declaring himself composed enough to hear the full account.