Shloka 69

Droṇa Encircled at Night: Coalition Advance and Battlefield Omens (द्रोणपर्यावरणं रात्रियुद्धवर्णनम्)

Devanagari script

ततो वै रथघोषेण गर्जितेन मृगा इव । भज्यमानाश्व समरे तव पुत्रा विशाम्पते,प्रजानाथ! तदनन्तर भीमसेनके रथकी घरघराहट और गर्जनासे समरांगणमें मृगोंके समान भयभीत हुए आपके पुत्रोंका उत्साह भंग हो गया

Transliteration

tato vai rathaghoṣeṇa garjitena mṛgā iva | bhajyamānāśva samare tava putrā viśāmpate prajānātha |

Translation

Sañjaya said: Then, at the thunderous roar and bellowing of the chariot, your sons—O lord of the people—were shaken in the battle like deer; their spirit broke as their horses were being struck and driven into disarray.

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः
• Form: true

• वै: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै
• Form: true

• रथघोषेण: by the sound of the chariot
• रथघोषेण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथघोष
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• गर्जितेन: by the roar
• गर्जितेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गर्जित
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• मृगाः: deer
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृग
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• इव: like, as if
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव
• Form: true

• भज्यमानाः: being broken/being routed
• Type: Verb
• Root: भज्
• Form: Present passive participle (शानच्/मान), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• अश्वाः: horses
• अश्वाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• समरे: in battle
• समरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: समर
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• तव: your
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Second, Genitive, Singular

• पुत्राः: sons
• पुत्राः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• विशाम्पते: O lord of the people
• Type: Noun
• Root: विशाम्पति
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• प्रजानाथ: O protector/lord of subjects
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रजानाथ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• तदनन्तरम्: immediately after that
• तदनन्तरम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदनन्तर
• Form: true

• भीमसेनस्य: of Bhimasena
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीमसेन
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• रथस्य: of the chariot
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• घरघराहटया: by the rattling sound
• घरघराहटया: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: घरघराहट
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: true

• गर्जनया: by the roaring
• गर्जनया: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गर्जन
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• समराङ्गणे: in the battlefield
• समराङ्गणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: समराङ्गण
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• मृगाणाम्: of deer
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृग
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• समानम्: like, similar to
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समान
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• भयभीताः: frightened
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भयभीत
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• उत्साहः: spirit, enthusiasm
• उत्साहः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: उत्साह
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भङ्गम्: breaking, collapse
• भङ्गम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भङ्ग
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• गतः: went/has gone (came to)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: Past active participle (क्तवत्), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Kauravas (tava putrāḥ)
• Chariot (ratha)
• Horses (aśva)
• Battlefield (samara)