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Shloka 19

Droṇa Encircled at Night: Coalition Advance and Battlefield Omens (द्रोणपर्यावरणं रात्रियुद्धवर्णनम्)

प्रयाते भीमसेने तु तव सैन्यं युयुत्समया

prayāte bhīmasene tu tava sainyaṃ yuyutsamayā

Sañjaya said: When Bhīmasena had set forth, your army too, eager for battle, moved to engage—drawn onward by the momentum of war and the resolve to fight.

प्रयातेwhen (he) had departed / on the departure
प्रयाते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-या (धातु) → प्रयात (कृदन्त)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
भीमसेनेin/when Bhimasena (was)
भीमसेने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभीमसेन
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तुbut / indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तवof you / your
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
सैन्यम्army
सैन्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
युयुत्समयाdesirous of fighting / eager to fight
युयुत्समया:
TypeAdjective
Rootयुयुत्सु (इच्छार्थक कृदन्त) + मय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
K
Kaurava army

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how individual resolve in war triggers collective movement: once a principal warrior advances, armies follow with heightened combat-intent. Ethically, it underscores the contagious nature of determination and the way martial duty (kṣatriya-impulse toward battle) can override hesitation once action begins.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Bhīma has advanced, and in response the Kaurava forces also surge forward, eager to fight—signaling an escalation and imminent clash around Bhīma’s movement.