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Shloka 45

द्रोणपर्व — अध्याय 128: दुर्योधनस्य परसेनाप्रवेशः

Duryodhana’s Incursion and the Tumult of Battle

सहायोनास्य वै कश्रित्‌ तेन विन्दामि कश्मलम्‌ | तस्मिन्‌ कृष्णो हते नून॑ं युध्यते युद्धकोविद:,“उनका कोई दूसरा सहायक नहीं है। इससे मुझे बड़ी घबराहट हो रही है। निश्चय ही उनके मारे जानेपर युद्धकलाकोविद भगवान्‌ श्रीकृष्ण युद्ध कर रहे हैं

sahāyo nāsya vai kaścit tena vindāmi kaśmalam | tasmin kṛṣṇo hate nūnaṃ yudhyate yuddha-kovidaḥ ||

Sañjaya said: “He has no ally at all; therefore I am seized with distress and confusion. Surely, now that Kṛṣṇa has been slain, the one skilled in the arts of war is fighting on.”

सहायःhelper, ally
सहायः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसहाय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्यof him/this (his)
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
वैindeed, surely
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
कश्चित्someone, any (other) person
कश्चित्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकश्चित्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेनby that; therefore
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
विन्दामिI find/experience
विन्दामि:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPresent (Lat), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
कश्मलम्confusion, distress, agitation
कश्मलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकश्मल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तस्मिन्in that (situation/time); when that (one) is...
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
कृष्णःKrishna
कृष्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हतेwhen (he) is slain; upon being killed
हते:
Adhikarana
TypeParticiple
Rootहन्
FormPast passive participle (kta), Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
नूनम्certainly, surely
नूनम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनूनम्
युध्यतेfights, engages in battle
युध्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
युद्धकोविदःskilled in warfare
युद्धकोविदः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयुद्ध-कोविद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kṛṣṇa

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how quickly fear and confusion (kaśmala) arise from incomplete or mistaken information in war. It implicitly contrasts human panic with the need for steadiness and discernment when judging events and leaders in a dharmic conflict.

Sañjaya reports his alarm that a certain warrior has no ally, and he infers that Kṛṣṇa has been killed; on that assumption he remarks that the war-expert is now fighting. The line reflects battlefield rumor or misreading of events, conveyed through Sañjaya’s anxious narration.