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Shloka 203

Droṇa-parva Adhyāya 125: Duryodhana’s despair and vow after Jayadratha’s fall (जयद्रथवधे दुर्योधनविलापः)

प्रायात्‌ स शनकैर्वीरो धनंजयरथं प्रति । विषधर सर्पके समान भयंकर बाणोंद्वारा पाँच सौ योद्धाओंका संहार करके वीर सात्यकि धीरे-धीरे धनंजयके रथकी ओर बढ़ने लगे

prāyāt sa śanakair vīro dhanañjaya-rathaṁ prati | viṣadhara-sarpaka-samāna-bhayaṅkara-bāṇair dvārā pañcaśata-yoddhānāṁ saṁhāraṁ kṛtvā vīraḥ sātyakiḥ śanaiḥ śanaiḥ dhanañjayasya rathasyābhimukhaṁ babhūva |

Sañjaya said: After cutting down five hundred warriors with dreadful arrows, like a venom-bearing serpent, the valiant Sātyaki advanced steadily toward the chariot of Dhanañjaya (Arjuna). The scene underscores the grim momentum of battle—heroism expressed through relentless martial skill, yet set within the morally weighty cost of mass slaughter in war.

प्रायात्went forth / advanced
प्रायात्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-या (धातु)
Formलुङ् (Aorist), 3, Singular, परस्मैपदम्
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शनकैःslowly, gradually
शनकैः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशनकैः (अव्यय-प्रयोग; शनक/शनकैस्)
वीरःthe hero
वीरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवीर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धनंजय-रथम्Dhananjaya's chariot
धनंजय-रथम्:
TypeNoun
Rootधनंजय (प्रातिपदिक) + रथ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रतिtowards
प्रति:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति
विषधर-सर्पकेof a venom-bearing serpent
विषधर-सर्पके:
TypeNoun
Rootविषधर (प्रातिपदिक) + सर्प (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
समानlike, similar to
समान:
TypeAdjective
Rootसमान (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भयंकरterrifying
भयंकर:
TypeAdjective
Rootभयंकर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बाणैःwith arrows
बाणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबाण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
द्वाराby means of / through
द्वारा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootद्वारा
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपञ्च
शतानिhundreds
शतानि:
TypeNoun
Rootशत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
योद्धॄणाम्of warriors
योद्धॄणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootयोद्धृ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
संहारम्slaughter, destruction
संहारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंहार (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कृत्वाhaving done
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund)
वीरःthe hero
वीरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवीर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सात्यकिःSatyaki
सात्यकिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसात्यकि (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धीरे-धीरेslowly, step by step
धीरे-धीरे:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootधीरे (अव्यय-प्रयोग; धीर)
धनंजयस्यof Dhananjaya (Arjuna)
धनंजयस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootधनंजय (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
रथस्यof the chariot
रथस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
ओर्towards (Hindi loan in given text)
ओर्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootओर्
वर्धितुम्to advance / to grow (intended: to proceed)
वर्धितुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवृध् (धातु)
Formतुमुन् (Infinitive)
अलगत्went / proceeded (intended: they advanced)
अलगत्:
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect) / or लुङ् (Aorist) (uncertain due to non-standard form in given text), 3, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
Sātyaki (Yuyudhāna)
D
Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
C
chariot
A
arrows
F
five hundred warriors
S
serpent (simile)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the tension within dharma-yuddha: a warrior’s steadfast performance of duty and loyalty can coexist with the grave ethical weight of large-scale killing. It invites reflection on how valor and responsibility operate amid the tragic costs of war.

Sañjaya reports that Sātyaki, after killing five hundred enemy warriors with terrifying arrows, moves steadily toward Arjuna’s chariot, likened to a venomous serpent in his fearsome effectiveness.