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Shloka 35

Adhyāya 110: Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Lament on Fate; Saṃjaya’s Reproof and the Princes’ Assault on Bhīma (द्रोणपर्व, अध्याय ११०)

नदीं प्रावर्तयामास रक्षोगणसमाकुलाम्‌ । वहन्तीं बहुधा राजंश्वेदिपडणचालसूञ्जयान्‌,उसने युद्धस्थलमें खूनकी नदी बहा दी, जिसमें रक्त ही पानीके समान बहता था, रथ भँवरोंके समान जान पड़ते थे, हाथियोंके शरीर उस नदीमें ग्राहके समान सब ओर छा रहे थे, छत्र हंसोंका भ्रम उत्पन्न करते थे, वहाँ कीच जम गयी थी, कटी हुई भुजाएँ सर्पोके समान सब ओर व्याप्त हो रही थीं। राजन्‌! बारंबार चेदि, पांचाल और सूंजयोंको बहाती हुई वह नदी राक्षसोंसे घिरी हुई थी

sañjaya uvāca |

nadīṁ prāvartayāmāsa rakṣogaṇasamākulām |

vahantīṁ bahudhā rājan cedipaṇḍanacālasūñjayān ||

Sañjaya said: O King, he set in motion a river—thronged with hosts of rākṣasas—that again and again swept away the Cedis, the Pāṇḍavas, the Pāñcālas, and the Śṛñjayas.

नदीम्river
नदीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनदी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
प्रावर्तयामासset in motion / caused to flow
प्रावर्तयामास:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्रवर्तय् (प्र + √वृत्/वर्त्, causative)
FormPerfect (periphrastic), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
रक्षः-गण-समाकुलाम्thronged/filled with hosts of Rakshasas
रक्षः-गण-समाकुलाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootरक्षस् + गण + समाकुल
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वहन्तीम्carrying / bearing
वहन्तीम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootवहन्ती (√वह्, present active participle)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
बहुधाmany times / repeatedly / in many ways
बहुधा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबहुधा
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
चेदीन्the Cedis
चेदीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचेदी (जनपद/जाति-नाम)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पाञ्चालान्the Panchalas
पाञ्चालान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाञ्चाल (जनपद/जाति-नाम)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सूञ्जयान्the Srijayas/Sun-jayas
सूञ्जयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूञ्जय (जनपद/जाति-नाम)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by rājan)
R
Rākṣasa-gaṇas (hosts of rākṣasas)
C
Cedis
P
Pāṇḍavas
P
Pāñcālas
S
Sṛñjayas
R
River (metaphor for the flow of blood/war)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how warfare, once intensified, becomes like an uncontrollable flood that sweeps away communities; it implicitly warns that adharma and unchecked fury dehumanize the battlefield and erode moral restraint.

Sañjaya describes a terrifying phase of combat in which the enemy’s onslaught is likened to a river, crowded with rākṣasa-like forces, repeatedly carrying off the Cedis, Pāṇḍavas, Pāñcālas, and Sṛñjayas.