Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 43

कर्णभीमयुद्धम्

Karna–Bhīma Combat Report

विरथं तं समालोक्य व्यायुधं च विशेषत:

virathaṃ taṃ samālokya vyāyudhaṃ ca viśeṣataḥ

Sañjaya said: Seeing him there without a chariot and, in particular, without his weapons, the onlookers grasped the gravity of his plight.

विरथम्without a chariot, chariotless
विरथम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
समालोक्यhaving seen, having observed
समालोक्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-लोक्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund), Non-finite
व्यायुधम्weaponless, without weapons
व्यायुधम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यायुध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विशेषतःespecially, particularly
विशेषतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविशेषतः

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
C
chariot
W
weapons

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the moral tension that arises when a warrior is seen chariotless and disarmed: battlefield power is unstable, and dharma is tested most sharply in how one treats an exposed opponent—whether with restraint and honor or with opportunistic violence.

Sañjaya reports an observation on the battlefield: someone is noticed to be without a chariot and notably without weapons. This sets up the next action or reaction—others’ responses to a suddenly vulnerable combatant.