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Shloka 30

Kṛṣṇa-vīrya-kathana

Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s appraisal of Vāsudeva’s deeds

आयावं विपुल कुर्वन्‌ व्यथयन्‌ सर्वसैनिकान्‌ | यदा<<याजन्नकुलो द्रोणं के शूरा: पर्यवारयन्‌,सुकुमार, तरुण, शूरवीर, दर्शनीय (सुन्दर), मेधावी, युद्धकुशल, बुद्धिमानू और सत्यपराक्रमी पाण्डुपुत्र नकुल जब युद्धमें जोर-जोरसे गर्जना करके समस्त सैनिकोंको पीड़ित करते हुए द्रोणाचार्यपर चढ़ आये, उस समय किन वीरोंने उन्हें रोका था?

āyāntaṁ vipulaṁ kurvan vyathayan sarvasainikān | yadā yājan nakulo droṇaṁ ke śūrāḥ paryavārayan ||

Vaiśampāyana said: “When Nakula—raising a mighty roar and distressing the entire host—charged straight at Droṇācārya in the thick of battle, which valiant warriors surrounded him and held him back?”

आयावन्having come/approached
आयावन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-या (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त/ल्यप्-प्राय (आयावन् = आगत्य/आयातवान्-प्रयोगः), पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन
विपुलम्great, abundant
विपुलम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविपुल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन
कुर्वन्doing, making
कुर्वन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formशतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन
व्यथयन्afflicting, paining
व्यथयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootव्यथ्/व्यथा (धातु: व्यथयति)
Formशतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन
सर्वसैनिकान्all the soldiers
सर्वसैनिकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वसैनिक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा (अव्यय)
अयाजत्worshipped/sacrificed (performed yajña)
अयाजत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयज् (धातु)
Formलङ् (अनद्यतनभूत), प्रथम, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
नकुलःNakula
नकुलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनकुल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन
द्रोणम्Drona
द्रोणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन
केwhich?/who?
के:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
शूराःheroes, warriors
शूराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
पर्यवारयन्surrounded/checked/held back
पर्यवारयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-आ-वृ (धातु: पर्यावरयति/पर्यवारयति)
Formलङ् (अनद्यतनभूत), प्रथम, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
N
Nakula
D
Droṇa (Droṇācārya)
T
the armies/soldiers (sainikāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the kṣatriya ethos of courage and disciplined resistance: even a powerful charge must be met by coordinated defense, reminding that warfare in the epic is not only individual valor but also collective duty and command structure.

Nakula advances fiercely toward Droṇa, alarming and pressuring the opposing troops; the narrator then asks which warriors intervened to surround and restrain Nakula at that moment.