Shloka 52

Dhṛtarāṣṭra–Sañjaya-saṃvādaḥ; madhyāhna-saṅgrāma-pravṛttiḥ

Dhritarashtra–Sanjaya dialogue and the midday battle escalation

Devanagari script

हयांश्व चतुर: शीघ्रं निजघान महाबल: । शरैश्वैनं सुनिशितै: क्षिप्रं विव्याध सप्तभि:

Transliteration

hayāṁś caturaḥ śīghraṁ nijaghāna mahābalaḥ | śaraiś cainaṁ suniśitaiḥ kṣipraṁ vivyādha saptabhiḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: “The mighty warrior swiftly struck down the four horses; then, with seven razor-sharp arrows, he quickly pierced him as well.”

Word by Word

• हयान्: horses
• हयान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: हय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• चतुरः: four
• चतुरः: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुर्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• शीघ्रम्: quickly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शीघ्र

• निजघान: struck down / slew
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि + हन्
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular

• महाबलः: the mighty one (of great strength)
• महाबलः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महाबल
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शरैः: with arrows
• शरैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एनम्: him
• एनम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• सुनिशितैः: with very sharp (ones)
• सुनिशितैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुनिशित
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• क्षिप्रम्: quickly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्षिप्र

• विव्याध: pierced
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + व्यध्
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular

• सप्तभिः: with seven
• सप्तभिः: Karana
• Type: Numeral
• Root: सप्तन्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• four horses
• arrows