Shloka 53

आर्य! तब महाबली पाण्डवसेनापतिने भी कुपित होकर दुर्योधनके धनुषको काट दिया और शीघ्रतापूर्वक उसके चारों घोड़ोंको भी मार डाला। तत्पश्चात्‌ अत्यन्त तीखे सात बाणोंद्वारा तुरंत ही दुर्योधनको घायल कर दिया ।। सहताश्वान्महाबाहुरवप्लुत्य रथाद्‌ बली । पदातिरसिमुद्यम्य प्राद्रवत्‌ पार्षतं प्रति,घोड़े मारे जानेपर बलवान महाबाहु दुर्योधन अपने रथसे कूद पड़ा और तलवार उठाकर धृष्टद्युम्मनकी ओर पैदल ही दौड़ा

sañjaya uvāca |

ārya! tadā mahābalī pāṇḍava-senāpatināpi kupitaḥ san duryodhanasya dhanuḥ ciccheda, śīghratayā ca tasya catvāro 'śvān apātayat | tataḥ param atyanta-tīkṣṇaiḥ saptabhir bāṇaiḥ kṣaṇād eva duryodhanaṃ vyathayām āsa ||

sahatāśvān mahābāhur avaplutya rathād balī |

padātir asim udyamya prādravat pārṣataṃ prati ||

Sañjaya said: “O noble one, then the mighty commander of the Pāṇḍava host, enraged, cut down Duryodhana’s bow and swiftly slew his four horses. Thereafter, with seven exceedingly sharp arrows, he at once wounded Duryodhana. When his horses had been killed, the strong-armed, powerful Duryodhana leapt down from his chariot; on foot, raising his sword, he ran straight toward Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the son of Pṛṣata.”

सहतhaving slain
सहत:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसह (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
अश्वान्horses
अश्वान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
महाबाहुःthe mighty-armed one
महाबाहुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाबाहु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अवप्लुत्यhaving leapt down
अवप्लुत्य:
Karna
TypeVerb
Rootअव√प्लु (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्यय (gerund)
रथात्from the chariot
रथात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
बलीthe strong one
बली:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबलिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पदातिःas a foot-soldier / on foot
पदातिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपदाति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
असिम्a sword
असिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअसि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उद्यम्यhaving raised / brandishing
उद्यम्य:
Karna
TypeVerb
Rootउद्√यम् (धातु)
Formल्यप्/क्त्वा-समकक्ष (gerund)
प्राद्रवत्ran forth
प्राद्रवत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र√द्रु (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पार्षतम्the son of Pṛṣata (Dhr̥ṣṭadyumna)
पार्षतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपार्षत (धृष्टद्युम्न-विशेषण/नाम)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रतिtowards
प्रति:
Karma
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति
Formupasarga/preposition-like avyaya

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Duryodhana
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna (Pārṣata, Pāṇḍava-senāpati)
P
Pāṇḍava army
B
Bow (Duryodhana’s)
C
Chariot
F
Four horses
S
Seven arrows
S
Sword

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores kṣatriya resolve under pressure: when conventional means (chariot and bow) are neutralized, a warrior is expected to continue the fight with courage and presence of mind. Ethically, it also shows how anger and honor can drive escalation from ranged combat to lethal close-quarters engagement.

Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the Pāṇḍava commander, cuts Duryodhana’s bow, kills his four horses, and wounds him with seven sharp arrows. With his chariot disabled, Duryodhana jumps down, draws his sword, and charges on foot toward Dhṛṣṭadyumna.