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Shloka 38

अध्याय ८० — मध्यंदिन-रणवृत्तान्तः

Yudhiṣṭhira–Śrutāyu encounter; Cekitāna–Gautama clash; Abhimanyu pressure; Arjuna’s redeployment

अथोपगच्छच्छरविक्षताड़ूं पदातिनं क्रोधविषं वमन्तम्‌ । आश्चवासयन्‌ पार्षतो भीमसेनं गदाहस्तं कालमिवान्तकाले

athopagacchaccharavikṣatāḍhyaṃ padātinaṃ krodhaviṣaṃ vamantam | āśvāsayan pārṣato bhīmasenaṃ gadāhastaṃ kālam ivāntakāle ||

Sañjaya said: Then Pārṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) went up to Bhīmasena—the foot-soldier among heroes—whose body was thickly wounded by arrows, who seemed to spew the poison of wrath. He sought to hearten him, as Bhīma stood with mace in hand, resembling Time itself at the hour of destruction.

अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
उपगच्छत्approaching
उपगच्छत्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootउप-गम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, present active participle (शतृ)
शर-विक्षत-अङ्गम्one whose limbs were wounded by arrows
शर-विक्षत-अङ्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअङ्ग (with शर, विक्षत)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पदातिनम्the foot-soldier
पदातिनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपदाति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
क्रोध-विषम्poison of anger
क्रोध-विषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविष (with क्रोध)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वमन्तम्vomiting / spewing forth
वमन्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootवम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, present active participle (शतृ)
आश्वासयन्comforting / encouraging
आश्वासयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-श्वस् (causative: आश्वासयति)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, present active participle (शतृ)
पार्षतःthe son of Pārṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna)
पार्षतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्षत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भीमसेनम्Bhīmasena
भीमसेनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभीमसेन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
गदा-हस्तम्with a mace in hand / mace-handed
गदा-हस्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootहस्त (with गदा)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कालम्Time; Death
कालम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अन्तक-कालेat the time of death / at the end-time
अन्तक-काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल (with अन्तक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
पार्षत / धृष्टद्युम्न (Pārṣata / Dhṛṣṭadyumna)
भीमसेन (Bhīmasena)
गदा (mace)
काल (Kāla, personified Time/Death)

Educational Q&A

The verse contrasts righteous martial resolve with the corrosive excess of anger: even a mighty warrior who appears like Death must be steadied by counsel and reassurance, suggesting that dharma in war includes inner governance and support among allies, not merely ferocity.

Dhṛṣṭadyumna (called Pārṣata) approaches Bhīma, who is badly pierced by arrows and blazing with wrath, holding his mace. Dhṛṣṭadyumna attempts to encourage and calm him as Bhīma looks like personified Time at the moment of destruction.