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Shloka 30

Adhyāya 111 (Book 6): Daśama-dina-saṃgrāma—Bhīṣma’s Counsel to Yudhiṣṭhira and the Śikhaṇḍin-Led Advance

अभ्यवर्षत दुर्धर्षस्त्यक्त्वा जीवितमात्मन: । वे महाधनुर्धर दुर्धर्ष वीर भीष्म अपने जीवनका मोह छोड़कर पाण्डवों, पांचालों तथा सृंजयोंपर तीखे नाराच, वत्सदन्‍त और अंजलिक आदि बाणोंकी वर्षा करने लगे || २९६ || स पाण्डवानां प्रवरान्‌ पज्च राजन्‌ महारथान्‌

sañjaya uvāca | abhyavarṣata durdharṣas tyaktvā jīvitam ātmanaḥ | sa pāṇḍavānāṃ pravarān pañca rājan mahārathān |

Sañjaya said: The unconquerable Bhīṣma, casting aside all clinging to his own life, began to shower the Pāṇḍavas, the Pāñcālas, and the Śṛñjayas with a fierce rain of arrows—nārācas, vatsa-dantas, añjalikas, and other shafts. Then, O King, he turned his assault toward the five foremost great chariot-warriors among the Pāṇḍavas.

अभ्यवर्षत्rained upon, showered
अभ्यवर्षत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवृष् (वर्षणे)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, 3, singular
दुर्धर्षःthe unassailable one
दुर्धर्षः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्धर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
जीवितम्life
जीवितम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजीवित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, accusative, singular
आत्मनःof himself
आत्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
पाण्डवानाम्of the Pāṇḍavas
पाण्डवानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
प्रवरान्the foremost
प्रवरान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रवर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपञ्च (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
महारथान्great chariot-warriors
महारथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, accusative, plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīṣma
P
Pāṇḍavas
P
Pāñcālas
Ś
Śṛñjayas
N
nārāca (arrow type)
V
vatsadanta (arrow type)
A
añjalika (arrow type)
M
mahāratha (class of warrior)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a warrior-ethic of resolute duty: Bhīṣma fights with unwavering commitment, setting aside personal attachment to life. It frames detachment (tyāga of self-preservation) as a component of kṣatriya-dharma in the battlefield context, even when the action is violent and morally weighty.

Sañjaya reports that Bhīṣma unleashes an intense barrage of specialized arrows upon the Pāṇḍava alliance (Pāṇḍavas, Pāñcālas, Śṛñjayas). The narration then transitions to Bhīṣma focusing on the five foremost Pāṇḍava great chariot-warriors.