Shloka 44

भीष्मरथाभिमुख्यं — Arjuna’s advance with Śikhaṇḍin; Duḥśāsana’s interception

Devanagari script

ततः प्रववृते युद्ध कुरूणां पाण्डवैः सह । अक्षद्यूतकृतं राजन्‌ सुघोरं वैशसं तदा

Transliteration

tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṁ kurūṇāṁ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha | akṣadyūtakṛtaṁ rājan sughoraṁ vaiśasaṁ tadā ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: “Then the war between the Kurus and the Pāṇḍavas began—O King—an exceedingly dreadful and ruinous conflict, born of the dice-game’s wrongdoing.”

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततस्
• Form: Avyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from that/thereafter')

• प्रववृते: began / set in motion / commenced
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र√वृत् (वर्तते)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person, singular, Parasmaipada

• युद्धम्: battle, war
• युद्धम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध
• Form: Neuter, accusative, singular

• कुरूणाम्: of the Kurus
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरु
• Form: Masculine, genitive, plural

• पाण्डवैः: with/by the Pandavas
• पाण्डवैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Masculine, instrumental, plural

• सह: together with
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह
• Form: Avyaya

• अक्षद्यूतकृतम्: caused by the dice-game
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अक्षद्यूतकृत
• Form: Neuter, nominative, singular

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, vocative, singular

• सुघोरम्: very terrible
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुघोर
• Form: Neuter, nominative, singular

• वैशसम्: slaughter, carnage
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैशस
• Form: Neuter, nominative, singular

• तदा: at that time
• तदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा
• Form: Avyaya

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'rājan')
• Kurus (Kaurava side)
• Pāṇḍavas
• Akṣadyūta (the dice-game event)