Shloka 3

Rajo-guṇa-nirdeśa — Brahmā’s Enumeration of Rajasic Dispositions

Devanagari script

बल॑ शौर्य मदो रोषो व्यायामकलहावपि । ईष्येप्सा पिशुनं युद्ध ममत्वं परिपालनम्‌

Transliteration

balaṁ śaurya-mado roṣo vyāyāma-kalahāv api | īṣyā-īpsā piśunaṁ yuddhaṁ mamatvaṁ paripālanam ||

Translation

Vāyu said: “Strength; the intoxication of valor; anger; exertion, and even quarrelling; jealousy and grasping desire; slander; warfare; possessiveness; and the impulse to guard and maintain what one calls ‘mine’—these are the forces that arise and drive beings.”

Word by Word

• बलम्: strength
• बलम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: बल
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• शौर्यम्: valor
• शौर्यम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शौर्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• मदः: pride, intoxication
• मदः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मद
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• रोषः: anger
• रोषः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोष
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• व्यायामः: exercise, exertion
• व्यायामः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यायाम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कलहः: quarrel
• कलहः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कलह
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अपि: also, even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• ईष्या: envy, jealousy
• ईष्या: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ईष्या
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• ईप्सा: desire, longing
• ईप्सा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ईप्सा
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• पिशुनम्: slander, tale-bearing
• पिशुनम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पिशुन
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• युद्धम्: war, fighting
• युद्धम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• ममत्वम्: sense of 'mine'-ness, possessiveness
• ममत्वम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ममत्व
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• परिपालनम्: protecting, maintenance
• परिपालनम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: परि-पालन
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

• वायुदेव (Vāyu)