Shloka 21
धृतराष्ट्रस्य स्पर्शाभिलाषः — Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Request for Touch and Permission for Tapas
Devanagari script
भीष्मेण सर्वमुक्तोडसि कृष्णेन विदुरेण च । मयाप्यवश्यं वक्तव्यं प्रीत्या ते नृपसत्तम,नृपश्रेष्ठ) भीष्मजी, भगवान् श्रीकृष्ण तथा विदुरने तुम्हें सभी बातोंका उपदेश कर दिया है। मेरा भी तुम्हारे ऊपर प्रेम है, इसलिये मैंने भी तुम्हें कुछ बताना आवश्यक समझा है
Translation
“O best of kings, Bhīṣma, the blessed Śrī Kṛṣṇa, and Vidura have already instructed you in every matter. Yet I too bear you affection, and so I deemed it necessary to speak to you as well.”
Word by Word
भीष्मेणby Bhishma
भीष्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
सर्वम्everything
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उक्तम्said/told
उक्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
असिyou are
असि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent (Lat), 2nd, Singular
कृष्णेनby Krishna
कृष्णेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
विदुरेणby Vidura
विदुरेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविदुर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
Form—, Instrumental, Singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अवश्यम्necessarily
अवश्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअवश्य
वक्तव्यम्to be said / must be said
वक्तव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormGerundive/obligative (तव्य), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
प्रीत्याout of affection
प्रीत्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रीति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Dative, Singular
नृपसत्तमO best of kings
नृपसत्तम:
TypeNoun (vocative epithet)
Rootनृप-सत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
धृतराष्ट उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes