Shloka 9
Cyavana’s Water-Vow and the Ethics of Cohabitation (स्नेह-सम्वास-धर्मः)
Devanagari script
शूद्रां शयनमारोप्य ब्राह्मणो यात्यधोगतिम् । प्रायश्षित्तीयते चापि विधिदृष्टेन कर्मणा
Transliteration
śūdrāṁ śayanam āropya brāhmaṇo yāty adhogatim | prāyaścittīyate cāpi vidhidṛṣṭena karmaṇā ||
Translation
Bhīṣma said: “If a brāhmaṇa places a Śūdra woman upon his bed (that is, enters a forbidden sexual union), he falls to a lower state. Yet he may be purified through expiation (prāyaścitta), by performing the rite prescribed according to rule.”
Word by Word
शूद्राम्a Shudra woman
शूद्राम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्रा (शूद्र-स्त्री)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
शयनम्bed; sleeping-place
शयनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशयन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आरोप्यhaving placed/caused to mount
आरोप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-रुह्
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), Parasmaipada (usage)
ब्राह्मणःa Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यातिgoes; attains
याति:
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, 3rd, Singular
अधोगतिम्a downward/low state (hellish fall)
अधोगतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअधोगति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
प्रायश्चित्तीयतेis atoned for; expiation is performed
प्रायश्चित्तीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रायश्चित्तीय (नामधातु from प्रायश्चित्त)
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada (passive/impersonal usage), 3rd, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
अपिalso; even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
विधिदृष्टेनby (a rite) prescribed/seen in rule
विधिदृष्टेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootविधिदृष्ट
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
कर्मणाby an act/rite
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BhīṣmaB
brāhmaṇaŚ
śūdra (woman)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Sandhi Notes