Shloka 14
Umā–Maheśvara-saṃvāda: Varṇa-bhraṃśa, Ācāra (Vṛtta), and Karmic Ascent/Decline
Devanagari script
अपि वा ब्राह्माणं दृष्टवा ब्रह्मचारिणमागतम् । ब्राह्मणाग्रयाहुतिं दत्त्वा अमृतं तस्य भोजनम्
Translation
“Or again: if, seeing a brahmin student vowed to continence (a brahmacārin) arrive, a householder first offers him the foremost portion of food, then the meal he himself eats afterward is regarded as amṛta—nectar of immortality.”
Word by Word
अपिalso / even / or
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
ब्राह्माणम्a Brahmin (as object)
ब्राह्माणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
ब्रह्मचारिणम्a brahmacārin (celibate student)
ब्रह्मचारिणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मचारिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आगतम्come / arrived
आगतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-गम्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
ब्राह्मणof a Brahmin
ब्राह्मण:
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Genitive (in compound), Singular
अग्र्यforemost / first
अग्र्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootअग्र्य
FormFeminine, Accusative (in compound), Singular
आहुतिम्offering (portion given first)
आहुतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआहुति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
दत्त्वाhaving given
दत्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
अमृतम्nectar; ambrosia
अमृतम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअमृत
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तस्यof him / his
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
भोजनम्food; eating; meal
भोजनम्:
TypeNoun
Rootभोजन
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes