Shloka 96

आचारप्रशंसा

Praise of Ācāra as the Basis of Longevity, Fame, and Prosperity

Devanagari script

तोयपूर्व प्रदायान्नमतिथि भ्यो विशाम्पते । पश्चाद्‌ भुञज्जीत मेधावी न चाप्यन्यमना नर:

Transliteration

toyapūrvaṃ pradāyānnam atithibhyo viśāmpate | paścād bhuñjīta medhāvī na cāpy anyamanā naraḥ ||

Translation

Bhīṣma said: “O lord of the people, having first offered water and then food to the guests, a wise man should eat only afterward; and even then he should not do so with a distracted mind.”

Word by Word

• तोयपूर्वम्: first with water (i.e., beginning with offering water)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तोयपूर्व
• Form: Avyaya (adverbial)

• प्रदाय: having given
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-दा
• Form: Absolutive (क्त्वा-न्त), indeclinable

• अन्नम्: food
• अन्नम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्न
• Form: Neuter, accusative, singular

• अतिथिभ्यः: to guests
• अतिथिभ्यः: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अतिथि
• Form: Masculine, dative, plural

• विशाम्पते: O lord of the people
• Type: Noun
• Root: विशाम्पति
• Form: Masculine, vocative, singular

• पश्चात्: afterwards
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पश्चात्
• Form: Avyaya (adverb)

• भुञ्जीत: should eat
• Type: Verb
• Root: भुज्
• Form: Optative (विधिलिङ्), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular

• मेधावी: the wise man
• मेधावी: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मेधाविन्
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न
• Form: Avyaya (negation)

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: Avyaya (conjunction)

• अपि: even/also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि
• Form: Avyaya

• अन्यमनाः: one whose mind is elsewhere; distracted
• अन्यमनाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्यमनस्
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• नरः: a man
• नरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• viśāmpati (the king/addressee)
• atithi (guest)